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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDBlood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis

The 2025 McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit: insights from autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

  • Nicole Relke1,2
  • Fatema Hossain2,3
  • Saifur R Chowdhury2,3
  • Syed Mahamad2
  • Ali Eshaghpour2
  • Douglas B Cines4,5
  • Tamam Bakchoul6,7
  • Shruti Chaturvedi8
  • Rick Kapur9,10
  • Sandhya Panch11,12
  • David J Kuter13
  • Rachael F Grace14
5 more authors
  • Karen Jones15
  • Caroline Kruse16
  • Mohammad Refaei17
  • Ishac Nazy2
  • Donald M Arnold2
17 affiliations
  1. 1Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, ON, Canada.
  2. 2Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Transfusion Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
  3. 3Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
  4. 4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelam School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA.
  5. 5Department of Medicine, Perelam School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA.
  6. 6Medical Faculty of Tübingen, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
  7. 7Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Tübingen, Germany.
  8. 8Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
  9. 9Department of Research, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  10. 10Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  11. 11Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA.
  12. 12Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.
  13. 13Hematology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
  14. 14Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
  15. 15wAIHA Warriors (patient advocacy organization), Marion, OH.
  16. 16Platelet Disorder Support Association, Cleveland, OH.
  17. 17Department of Hematology and Thromboembolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Abstract

The third McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit was held on 7 November 2025 and focused on comparing the mechanisms, diagnoses, and treatments with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) to inform our understanding of ITP. Topics compared the clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis, pathophysiology, and current and emerging therapies. Key messages were that ITP and wAIHA share similar immune mechanisms, including pathogenic autoantibodies against platelets or red blood cells (RBCs), immune-mediated cellular pathways leading to platelet or RBC clearance, complement activation, and broader immune dysregulation. However, there are several distinct differences: ITP is more common than wAIHA; the spleen is enlarged in wAIHA but not primary ITP; the autoantibody in ITP is not readily detectable, whereas an RBC autoantibody can be found in the vast majority of patients with wAIHA; and anti-CD20 therapy appears to be more effective in wAIHA compared with ITP. Emerging therapies targeting B-cell signaling, plasma cells, neonatal Fc receptor, complement, and other immune pathways will expand treatment options and clarify disease biology. The summit also highlighted the patient experience of living with wAIHA and ITP and the importance of incorporating patient experience into therapeutic decision-making. Future priorities include improving diagnostic algorithms for ITP, identifying biomarkers of ITP disease activity and treatment response, and developing individualized treatment strategies based on the underlying disease mechanism.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{relke20262025,
  title = {{The 2025 McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit: insights from autoimmune hemolytic anemia.}},
  author = {Nicole Relke and Fatema Hossain and Saifur R Chowdhury and Syed Mahamad and Ali Eshaghpour and Douglas B Cines and Tamam Bakchoul and Shruti Chaturvedi and Rick Kapur and Sandhya Panch and David J Kuter and Rachael F Grace and Karen Jones and Caroline Kruse and Mohammad Refaei and Ishac Nazy and Donald M Arnold},
  journal = {Blood vessels, thrombosis \& hemostasis},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1016/j.bvth.2026.100215},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42999908},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2025 McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit: insights from autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
AU  - Nicole Relke
AU  - Fatema Hossain
AU  - Saifur R Chowdhury
AU  - Syed Mahamad
AU  - Ali Eshaghpour
AU  - Douglas B Cines
AU  - Tamam Bakchoul
AU  - Shruti Chaturvedi
AU  - Rick Kapur
AU  - Sandhya Panch
AU  - David J Kuter
AU  - Rachael F Grace
AU  - Karen Jones
AU  - Caroline Kruse
AU  - Mohammad Refaei
AU  - Ishac Nazy
AU  - Donald M Arnold
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/14
JO  - Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis
DO  - 10.1016/j.bvth.2026.100215
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42999908
AB  - The third McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit was held on 7 November 2025 and focused on comparing the mechanisms, diagnoses, and treatments with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) to inform our understanding of ITP. Topics compared the clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis, pathophysiology, and current and emerging therapies. Key messages were that ITP and wAIHA share similar immune mechanisms, including pathogenic autoantibodies against platelets or red blood cells (RBCs), immune-mediated cellular pathways leading to platelet or RBC clearance, complement activation, and broader immune dysregulation. However, there are several distinct differences: ITP is more common than wAIHA; the spleen is enlarged in wAIHA but not primary ITP; the autoantibody in ITP is not readily detectable, whereas an RBC autoantibody can be found in the vast majority of patients with wAIHA; and anti-CD20 therapy appears to be more effective in wAIHA compared with ITP. Emerging therapies targeting B-cell signaling, plasma cells, neonatal Fc receptor, complement, and other immune pathways will expand treatment options and clarify disease biology. The summit also highlighted the patient experience of living with wAIHA and ITP and the importance of incorporating patient experience into therapeutic decision-making. Future priorities include improving diagnostic algorithms for ITP, identifying biomarkers of ITP disease activity and treatment response, and developing individualized treatment strategies based on the underlying disease mechanism.
SN  - 2950-3272
ER  -