High-risk factors associated with persistence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 in women of reproductive age undergoing conservative management: a retrospective analysis
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital
- 2Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the high-risk factors associated with the persistence or progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2) to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN3) in women of childbearing age undergoing conservative management, thereby providing guidance for selecting appropriate treatment strategies for women with CIN2 who wish to preserve their fertility.
Methods: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using the clinical and pathological characteristics of the included patients to identify high-risk factors associated with the persistence or progression of CIN2.
Results: In total, 226 patients were included in this study. Of these, 142 (62.8%) experienced lesion regression, 58 (25.7%) had persistent CIN2, and 26 (11.5%) progressed to CIN3. Univariate analysis indicated that age, high- squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), human papillomavirus type 16/18 (HPV16/18) positivity, and P16/Ki-67 positivity were associated with persistence of CIN2 or progression to CIN3. Multivariate analysis revealed that age of >35 years (OR 2.732, 95% CI 1.350–5.529), HPV16/18 positivity (OR 1.506, 95% CI 1.129–17.611), HSIL (OR 4.693, 95% CI 3.554–19.211), and P16/Ki-67 positivity (OR 4.007, 95% CI 2.819–6.014) were associated with persistence or progression of CIN2.
Conclusion: Age of >35 years, HPV16/18 positivity, HSIL, and P16/Ki-67 positivity are associated with persistence and progression of CIN2. Conservative management with outpatient follow-up is an appropriate treatment option for carefully selected patients without these high-risk factors.
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BibTeX
@article{chen2026highrisk,
title = {{High-risk factors associated with persistence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 in women of reproductive age undergoing conservative management: a retrospective analysis}},
author = {Meilian Chen and Gang Xiao and Hongmei Xiao and Yingxue Bai and Yixue Zhou and Xuelian Tan and Limei Wu and Haixia Jiang},
journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2026.1961644},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1961644/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - High-risk factors associated with persistence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 in women of reproductive age undergoing conservative management: a retrospective analysis
AU - Meilian Chen
AU - Gang Xiao
AU - Hongmei Xiao
AU - Yingxue Bai
AU - Yixue Zhou
AU - Xuelian Tan
AU - Limei Wu
AU - Haixia Jiang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/21
JO - Frontiers in Public Health
DO - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1961644
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1961644/full
AB - Objective: To investigate the high-risk factors associated with the persistence or progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN2) to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN3) in women of childbearing age undergoing conservative management, thereby providing guidance for selecting appropriate treatment strategies for women with CIN2 who wish to preserve their fertility. Methods: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using the clinical and pathological characteristics of the included patients to identify high-risk factors associated with the persistence or progression of CIN2. Results: In total, 226 patients were included in this study. Of these, 142 (62.8%) experienced lesion regression, 58 (25.7%) had persistent CIN2, and 26 (11.5%) progressed to CIN3. Univariate analysis indicated that age, high- squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), human papillomavirus type 16/18 (HPV16/18) positivity, and P16/Ki-67 positivity were associated with persistence of CIN2 or progression to CIN3. Multivariate analysis revealed that age of >35 years (OR 2.732, 95% CI 1.350–5.529), HPV16/18 positivity (OR 1.506, 95% CI 1.129–17.611), HSIL (OR 4.693, 95% CI 3.554–19.211), and P16/Ki-67 positivity (OR 4.007, 95% CI 2.819–6.014) were associated with persistence or progression of CIN2. Conclusion: Age of >35 years, HPV16/18 positivity, HSIL, and P16/Ki-67 positivity are associated with persistence and progression of CIN2. Conservative management with outpatient follow-up is an appropriate treatment option for carefully selected patients without these high-risk factors.
SN - 2296-2565
ER -