Marker-assisted screening of resistance to fire blight, powdery mildew, and apple scab in local apple varieties from Uzbekistan
- 1Biotechnology Department, Center for Advanced Technologies, Almazar, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- 2office for Central Asia, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is one of the most economically important fruit crops worldwide; however, its production is severely constrained by major diseases, including fire blight, powdery mildew, and apple scab. Breeding disease-resistant cultivars represents a sustainable alternative to chemical control, particularly through the effective utilization of local germplasm resources from Central Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the presence and distribution of resistance-associated alleles in local apple varieties from Uzbekistan using polymorphic DNA markers. A collection of local apple accessions was screened to identify markers linked to resistance against fire blight, powdery mildew, and apple scab. The analysis revealed substantial genetic variation in resistance gene combinations among the studied varieties. The fire blight-associated marker AE10-375 was detected in 79.8% of the accessions. For powdery mildew resistance, 75.2% of the varieties carried resistance alleles corresponding to both Pl1 and Pl2 genes. Screening for apple scab resistance demonstrated that Vfa2, Vfa1, and Rvi6 were the most prevalent genes, with Vfa2 detected in 95.4% of the accessions. Regional analysis indicated that accessions from Karakalpakstan exhibited the highest proportion of genotypes harboring markers associated with resistance to multiple diseases. Six local varieties—Atlas olma, Turkish, Xuboni, Krasniy jeleznyak, Shoyi olma, and Besh barmoq—were identified as carrying resistance-associated markers for all three diseases. These findings demonstrate that local apple germplasm from Uzbekistan represents a valuable genetic resource for resistance to economically important diseases. The identified genotypes provide promising donor material for breeding programs aimed at developing cultivars with durable, broad-spectrum resistance while reducing reliance on chemical control strategies.
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BibTeX
@article{rakhmatullaev2026markerassisted,
title = {{Marker-assisted screening of resistance to fire blight, powdery mildew, and apple scab in local apple varieties from Uzbekistan}},
author = {Abdushukur I. Rakhmatullaev and Muhabbat K. Turdieva and Marguba M. Rejapova and Abrorjon A. Abdurakhimov and Alisher A. Abdullaev},
journal = {PLOS One},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0357988},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357988},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Marker-assisted screening of resistance to fire blight, powdery mildew, and apple scab in local apple varieties from Uzbekistan
AU - Abdushukur I. Rakhmatullaev
AU - Muhabbat K. Turdieva
AU - Marguba M. Rejapova
AU - Abrorjon A. Abdurakhimov
AU - Alisher A. Abdullaev
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/15
JO - PLOS One
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0357988
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357988
AB - Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is one of the most economically important fruit crops worldwide; however, its production is severely constrained by major diseases, including fire blight, powdery mildew, and apple scab. Breeding disease-resistant cultivars represents a sustainable alternative to chemical control, particularly through the effective utilization of local germplasm resources from Central Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the presence and distribution of resistance-associated alleles in local apple varieties from Uzbekistan using polymorphic DNA markers. A collection of local apple accessions was screened to identify markers linked to resistance against fire blight, powdery mildew, and apple scab. The analysis revealed substantial genetic variation in resistance gene combinations among the studied varieties. The fire blight-associated marker AE10-375 was detected in 79.8% of the accessions. For powdery mildew resistance, 75.2% of the varieties carried resistance alleles corresponding to both Pl1 and Pl2 genes. Screening for apple scab resistance demonstrated that Vfa2, Vfa1, and Rvi6 were the most prevalent genes, with Vfa2 detected in 95.4% of the accessions. Regional analysis indicated that accessions from Karakalpakstan exhibited the highest proportion of genotypes harboring markers associated with resistance to multiple diseases. Six local varieties—Atlas olma, Turkish, Xuboni, Krasniy jeleznyak, Shoyi olma, and Besh barmoq—were identified as carrying resistance-associated markers for all three diseases. These findings demonstrate that local apple germplasm from Uzbekistan represents a valuable genetic resource for resistance to economically important diseases. The identified genotypes provide promising donor material for breeding programs aimed at developing cultivars with durable, broad-spectrum resistance while reducing reliance on chemical control strategies.
SN - 1932-6203
ER -