Comparative Study on Coffee and Spent Coffee Grounds of Arabica and Robusta Varieties of Ugandan Origin: Bioactive Properties of Extracts as Circular Resources
- 1Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1, Gh. Polizu Street, Building A, Room A056, RO-011061 Bucharest, Romania
- 2Doctoral School Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-011061 Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
Coffee consumption is increasing yearly, and so is the quantity of spent coffee grounds, a by-product that still contains bioactive compounds. The goal of this work is to evaluate the lipid fractions (LFs) and polyphenolic fractions (PFs) from roasted coffee grounds (RCG; two varieties of Ugandan origin: Arabica and Robusta) and from the corresponding spent coffee grounds (SCG) extracted with solvents of opposite polarities. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the extracts was performed using GC-FID, 1H-NMR, Folin–Ciocalteu, HPLC-PDA, DPPH and antibacterial activity methods. A high-quality LF, coffee oil (91.82 g triacylglycerides/100 g LF, 49.85 mol% saturated fatty acids and 50.15 mol% unsaturated fatty acid chains, 8.98 mg GAE/g LF, 20.91% DPPH inhibition), with high extraction yield (10.34 g/100 g SCG), can be recovered from SCG of the Ugandan Arabica variety. In addition, SCG of both Ugandan Arabica and Robusta varieties are promising resources for the recovery of high-quality PF (12.30 and 7.85 mg GAE/g PF, 0.684 and 0.837 mg/g PF chlorogenic acids, 85.17% and 73.95% DPPH inhibition) with good extraction yields (9.35 and 5.63 g/100 g SCG) and with antimicrobial activities that remain after the coffee brewing step. These results highlight SCG of Ugandan origin as a promising resource of bioactive compounds for further valorization.
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BibTeX
@article{dinu2026comparative,
title = {{Comparative Study on Coffee and Spent Coffee Grounds of Arabica and Robusta Varieties of Ugandan Origin: Bioactive Properties of Extracts as Circular Resources}},
author = {Mihaela Dinu and Auras Marius Dumitru and Ana-Maria Claudia Brezoiu and Gabriela Olimpia Isopencu and Petrica Iancu},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.3390/ijms27219906},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9906},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparative Study on Coffee and Spent Coffee Grounds of Arabica and Robusta Varieties of Ugandan Origin: Bioactive Properties of Extracts as Circular Resources
AU - Mihaela Dinu
AU - Auras Marius Dumitru
AU - Ana-Maria Claudia Brezoiu
AU - Gabriela Olimpia Isopencu
AU - Petrica Iancu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/05
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO - 10.3390/ijms27219906
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9906
AB - Coffee consumption is increasing yearly, and so is the quantity of spent coffee grounds, a by-product that still contains bioactive compounds. The goal of this work is to evaluate the lipid fractions (LFs) and polyphenolic fractions (PFs) from roasted coffee grounds (RCG; two varieties of Ugandan origin: Arabica and Robusta) and from the corresponding spent coffee grounds (SCG) extracted with solvents of opposite polarities. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the extracts was performed using GC-FID, 1H-NMR, Folin–Ciocalteu, HPLC-PDA, DPPH and antibacterial activity methods. A high-quality LF, coffee oil (91.82 g triacylglycerides/100 g LF, 49.85 mol% saturated fatty acids and 50.15 mol% unsaturated fatty acid chains, 8.98 mg GAE/g LF, 20.91% DPPH inhibition), with high extraction yield (10.34 g/100 g SCG), can be recovered from SCG of the Ugandan Arabica variety. In addition, SCG of both Ugandan Arabica and Robusta varieties are promising resources for the recovery of high-quality PF (12.30 and 7.85 mg GAE/g PF, 0.684 and 0.837 mg/g PF chlorogenic acids, 85.17% and 73.95% DPPH inhibition) with good extraction yields (9.35 and 5.63 g/100 g SCG) and with antimicrobial activities that remain after the coffee brewing step. These results highlight SCG of Ugandan origin as a promising resource of bioactive compounds for further valorization.
SN - 1422-0067
ER -