Prospective and Retrospective Study of PPR in Goats: Epidemiology, Clinical Signs, Risk Factors, and Hematological Alterations.
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Medicine and Surgery Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) Chattogram 4225 Bangladesh cvasu.ac.bd.
- 2School of Veterinary Science The University of Queensland Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia uq.edu.au.
- 3Department of Microbiology and Veterinary Public Health Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) Chattogram 4225 Bangladesh cvasu.ac.bd.
- 4National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH) The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2600 Australia anu.edu.au.
Abstract
Bangladesh is an agro-based country where goat rearing plays a pivotal role in supporting rural livelihoods because of its relatively low investment requirements and high profitability. However, peste des petits ruminants (PPR) remains a major threat to goat health and productivity. This study investigated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of PPR in goats presented at the Teaching Veterinary Hospital (TVH) of Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) and in surrounding areas of the Chattogram Metropolitan Area (CMA). A descriptive study was conducted to determine the proportionate prevalence of PPR, assess the frequency of clinical signs, evaluate therapeutic practices, and identify potential risk factors associated with its occurrence. Data from 922 clinically diagnosed PPR cases were retrieved from the TVH database for descriptive analysis. In a separate investigation, 138 suspected PPR cases, including 50 cases at TVH and 88 from diverse sources, were examined clinically and tested using serological and molecular methods. Blood samples were analyzed to determine seropositivity and assess hematological changes, while nasal swabs were subjected to molecular diagnosis. The prevalence of PPR was 21.3%-28.7% based on the descriptive analysis and 21.7% based on molecular testing. The most frequently observed combination of clinical signs was nasal discharge, stomatitis, and diarrhea, which occurred in 17.5% of the cases; sulfadimidine (70.4%) was the most commonly used antimicrobial to treat PPR. Hematological analysis indicated alterations in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts among affected goats. Multivariable analysis revealed that the rainy season, intensive/semi-intensive rearing systems, Black Bengal breed, and cachectic body condition were significantly associated with an increased risk of disease occurrence. In contrast, sex, body weight, and age showed no significant association. This study highlights the clinical patterns, prevalence, and hematological changes associated with PPR in goats in Chattogram, emphasizing the importance of early detection and targeted control measures to reduce the impact on small ruminant health and rural livelihoods.
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BibTeX
@article{barua2026prospective,
title = {{Prospective and Retrospective Study of PPR in Goats: Epidemiology, Clinical Signs, Risk Factors, and Hematological Alterations.}},
author = {Brishti Barua and Jinnat Ferdous and Sumsoon Naher Tuly and Chandan Nath and Md Abu Sayeed and Md Mizanur Rahman and Md Ahasanul Haque},
journal = {Veterinary medicine international},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1155/vmi/5750968},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953398},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Prospective and Retrospective Study of PPR in Goats: Epidemiology, Clinical Signs, Risk Factors, and Hematological Alterations.
AU - Brishti Barua
AU - Jinnat Ferdous
AU - Sumsoon Naher Tuly
AU - Chandan Nath
AU - Md Abu Sayeed
AU - Md Mizanur Rahman
AU - Md Ahasanul Haque
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - Veterinary medicine international
DO - 10.1155/vmi/5750968
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953398
AB - Bangladesh is an agro-based country where goat rearing plays a pivotal role in supporting rural livelihoods because of its relatively low investment requirements and high profitability. However, peste des petits ruminants (PPR) remains a major threat to goat health and productivity. This study investigated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of PPR in goats presented at the Teaching Veterinary Hospital (TVH) of Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) and in surrounding areas of the Chattogram Metropolitan Area (CMA). A descriptive study was conducted to determine the proportionate prevalence of PPR, assess the frequency of clinical signs, evaluate therapeutic practices, and identify potential risk factors associated with its occurrence. Data from 922 clinically diagnosed PPR cases were retrieved from the TVH database for descriptive analysis. In a separate investigation, 138 suspected PPR cases, including 50 cases at TVH and 88 from diverse sources, were examined clinically and tested using serological and molecular methods. Blood samples were analyzed to determine seropositivity and assess hematological changes, while nasal swabs were subjected to molecular diagnosis. The prevalence of PPR was 21.3%-28.7% based on the descriptive analysis and 21.7% based on molecular testing. The most frequently observed combination of clinical signs was nasal discharge, stomatitis, and diarrhea, which occurred in 17.5% of the cases; sulfadimidine (70.4%) was the most commonly used antimicrobial to treat PPR. Hematological analysis indicated alterations in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts among affected goats. Multivariable analysis revealed that the rainy season, intensive/semi-intensive rearing systems, Black Bengal breed, and cachectic body condition were significantly associated with an increased risk of disease occurrence. In contrast, sex, body weight, and age showed no significant association. This study highlights the clinical patterns, prevalence, and hematological changes associated with PPR in goats in Chattogram, emphasizing the importance of early detection and targeted control measures to reduce the impact on small ruminant health and rural livelihoods.
SN - 2090-8113
SN - 2042-0048
ER -