Production and Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Containing Conjugated Linoleic Acid from Njangsa (Ricinodendron heudelotii) Seed Oil
- 1Food Science and Biotechnology Program, Department Human Ecology, College of Agriculture, Science and Technology, Delaware State University, 1200 N DuPont Highway, Dover, DE 19901, USA
- 2Department of Plant Science, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
Abstract
Njangsa seed oil (NSO) is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and represents an underexplored plant source for producing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). This study explored the production of CLA from NSO via alkali isomerization, as well as and its stabilization by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexation. A 3-factor factorial design was used to optimize reaction conditions, yielding a maximum purified CLA content of 46.42% from 2.5 g NSO at 180 °C for 3 h, with cis-9, trans-11 CLA as the predominant isomer. Inclusion complexation produced microparticles averaging 19.73 µm with 83.36% inclusion efficiency. Complexed CLA showed lower peroxide, para-anisidine, and thiobarbituric acid values than free CLA, indicating improved oxidative stability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed spectral changes consistent with interactions between the CLA-rich fraction and β-CD, while scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed changes in morphology and crystalline organization, respectively. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of producing NSO-enriched CLA and enhancing its oxidative stability through β-CD inclusion complexation.
Related
- Lignin–Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Matrix for Chlorzoxazone Loading and Release: Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Characterization
- Rheological and textural characterization of cosmetic emulsions containing natural and synthetic polymers: relationships between both data
- Cobalt-based dual ligand metal organic framework as bifunctional electrocatalyst for value-added hydrogen production in iodide-containing water electrolysis
- Structural Characterization and Visible-Light Photocatalytic Performance of AgBr-Modified Zr-Containing Titanium Silicalite-1 (TS-1) Composites
- Antimony(III) and Bismuth(III) Halide Complexes Containing Thiazole-and Thiadiazole-Based Mercapto Ligands: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Biological Activity
BibTeX
@article{nguyen2026production,
title = {{Production and Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Containing Conjugated Linoleic Acid from Njangsa (Ricinodendron heudelotii) Seed Oil}},
author = {Anh T. L. Nguyen and Cecile T. Ojong and Pierre Dutilleul and Alberta N. A. Aryee},
journal = {Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/molecules31193560},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666739},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Production and Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Containing Conjugated Linoleic Acid from Njangsa (Ricinodendron heudelotii) Seed Oil
AU - Anh T. L. Nguyen
AU - Cecile T. Ojong
AU - Pierre Dutilleul
AU - Alberta N. A. Aryee
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/molecules31193560
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666739
AB - Njangsa seed oil (NSO) is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and represents an underexplored plant source for producing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). This study explored the production of CLA from NSO via alkali isomerization, as well as and its stabilization by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexation. A 3-factor factorial design was used to optimize reaction conditions, yielding a maximum purified CLA content of 46.42% from 2.5 g NSO at 180 °C for 3 h, with cis-9, trans-11 CLA as the predominant isomer. Inclusion complexation produced microparticles averaging 19.73 µm with 83.36% inclusion efficiency. Complexed CLA showed lower peroxide, para-anisidine, and thiobarbituric acid values than free CLA, indicating improved oxidative stability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed spectral changes consistent with interactions between the CLA-rich fraction and β-CD, while scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed changes in morphology and crystalline organization, respectively. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of producing NSO-enriched CLA and enhancing its oxidative stability through β-CD inclusion complexation.
SN - 1420-3049
ER -