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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-SA 4.0Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

Characteristics of patients with HIV/HBV coinfection who were diagnosed with HDV infection

  • Agnieszka Lembas1,2
  • Joanna Kozłowska1,2
  • Joanna Kubicka3
  • Joanna Jabłońska1,2
  • Tomasz Mikuła1,2
  • Ewa Siwak1,3
  • Tomasz Dyda4
  • Andrzej Załęski1,2
  • Alicja Wiercinska-Drapało1,2
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
  2. 2Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, Poland
  3. 3HIV Out-Patient Clinic, Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, Poland
  4. 4Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

Aim of the study: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a hepatotropic virus that causes acute and chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to characterise patients with HDV infection among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), to analyse characteristics associated with the risk of acquiring HDV, and to assess whether HDV infection is a long-term mortality risk factor.

Material and methods: This observational cohort study included HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfected patients from two HIV centres in 2012, who were re-evaluated in 2024 to determine whether HDV infection in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients is a risk factor of mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with the risk of HDV infection and mortality.

Results: Among 65 patients, 15 exhibited positive anti-HDV antibodies (23.08%) and 9 exhibited positive HDV RNA (13.85%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified female sex (p = 0.023, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 8.79, 95% CI: 1.35-57.25), intravenous drug use (p < 0.001, aOR = 44.59, 95% CI: 8.22-241.99), and active (p = 0.009, aOR = 6.09, 95% CI: 1.57-23.65) and past HCV coinfection (p = 0.013, aOR = 20.64, 95% CI: 1.89-225.48) as significant risk factors for HDV. The presence of liver cirrhosis was the only significant risk factor of 12-year mortality (p = 0.009, aOR = 12.64, 95% CI: 1.86-85.74).

Conclusions: Routine HDV screening is recommended in HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals, especially those who inject drugs.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{lembas2026characteristics,
  title = {{Characteristics of patients with HIV/HBV coinfection who were diagnosed with HDV infection}},
  author = {Agnieszka Lembas and Joanna Kozłowska and Joanna Kubicka and Joanna Jabłońska and Tomasz Mikuła and Ewa Siwak and Tomasz Dyda and Andrzej Załęski and Alicja Wiercinska-Drapało},
  journal = {Clinical and Experimental Hepatology},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.5114/ceh.2026.164153},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2026.164153},
  note = {CC BY-NC-SA 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of patients with HIV/HBV coinfection who were diagnosed with HDV infection
AU  - Agnieszka Lembas
AU  - Joanna Kozłowska
AU  - Joanna Kubicka
AU  - Joanna Jabłońska
AU  - Tomasz Mikuła
AU  - Ewa Siwak
AU  - Tomasz Dyda
AU  - Andrzej Załęski
AU  - Alicja Wiercinska-Drapało
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/24
JO  - Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
DO  - 10.5114/ceh.2026.164153
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2026.164153
AB  - Aim of the study: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a hepatotropic virus that causes acute and chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to characterise patients with HDV infection among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), to analyse characteristics associated with the risk of acquiring HDV, and to assess whether HDV infection is a long-term mortality risk factor.  Material and methods: This observational cohort study included HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfected patients from two HIV centres in 2012, who were re-evaluated in 2024 to determine whether HDV infection in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients is a risk factor of mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with the risk of HDV infection and mortality.  Results: Among 65 patients, 15 exhibited positive anti-HDV antibodies (23.08%) and 9 exhibited positive HDV RNA (13.85%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified female sex (p = 0.023, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 8.79, 95% CI: 1.35-57.25), intravenous drug use (p < 0.001, aOR = 44.59, 95% CI: 8.22-241.99), and active (p = 0.009, aOR = 6.09, 95% CI: 1.57-23.65) and past HCV coinfection (p = 0.013, aOR = 20.64, 95% CI: 1.89-225.48) as significant risk factors for HDV. The presence of liver cirrhosis was the only significant risk factor of 12-year mortality (p = 0.009, aOR = 12.64, 95% CI: 1.86-85.74).  Conclusions: Routine HDV screening is recommended in HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals, especially those who inject drugs.
SN  - 2392-1099
SN  - 2449-8238
ER  -