CO2-concentrating nanoparticles drive progressive photosynthetic and cell-wall remodelling in Arabidopsis thaliana cells
- 1Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174, Norrköping, Sweden
Abstract
Plant cells offer a distinctive platform for biohybrid engineering because they combine growth and proliferation with photosynthetic carbon acquisition and the continuous fabrication of structurally complex biomass. Harnessing these capabilities could enable living systems in which synthetic functionality develops together with cellular physiology and material organization. Yet nanomaterial engineering of proliferating plant cell populations remains largely unexplored. Here, we establish a biohybrid system combining photosynthetically active Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells with chitosan-modified polyethyleneimine (gPEI-Chi) nanoparticles, a synthetic CO2-concentrating nanomaterial. By supplying fresh nanoparticles at each subculture, newly generated cell populations were successively functionalized, driving progressive changes in cellular and multicellular phenotypes. Nanoparticle functionalization reduced net headspace CO2 accumulation, increased chlorophyll content and induced stage-dependent reorganization of photosynthetic function and carbon-handling pathways. These physiological changes were accompanied by altered cell wall regeneration and progressive remodelling of cell wall composition, spatial organization and ultrastructure, ultimately promoting more cohesive multicellular aggregates. Our findings establish successive nanomaterial functionalization as a strategy to steer the evolving physiology and structural organization of proliferating plant cell populations, opening opportunities for plant biohybrid systems and engineered living materials.
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BibTeX
@misc{routier2026co2concentrating,
title = {{CO2-concentrating nanoparticles drive progressive photosynthetic and cell-wall remodelling in Arabidopsis thaliana cells}},
author = {C. Routier and D. Pagliara and A. Karlsson and L. Lisica and L. Boutonnet and L. Bogdziewiez and E. Colaprico and A. Garcia Fleitas and X. Jin and A. Strand and D. Mantione and S. Verger and E. P. Hudson and E. Stavrinidou},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.64898/2026.10.30.763161},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.30.763161v1},
note = {CC BY-ND},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - CO2-concentrating nanoparticles drive progressive photosynthetic and cell-wall remodelling in Arabidopsis thaliana cells
AU - C. Routier
AU - D. Pagliara
AU - A. Karlsson
AU - L. Lisica
AU - L. Boutonnet
AU - L. Bogdziewiez
AU - E. Colaprico
AU - A. Garcia Fleitas
AU - X. Jin
AU - A. Strand
AU - D. Mantione
AU - S. Verger
AU - E. P. Hudson
AU - E. Stavrinidou
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.10.30.763161
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.30.763161v1
AB - Plant cells offer a distinctive platform for biohybrid engineering because they combine growth and proliferation with photosynthetic carbon acquisition and the continuous fabrication of structurally complex biomass. Harnessing these capabilities could enable living systems in which synthetic functionality develops together with cellular physiology and material organization. Yet nanomaterial engineering of proliferating plant cell populations remains largely unexplored. Here, we establish a biohybrid system combining photosynthetically active Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells with chitosan-modified polyethyleneimine (gPEI-Chi) nanoparticles, a synthetic CO2-concentrating nanomaterial. By supplying fresh nanoparticles at each subculture, newly generated cell populations were successively functionalized, driving progressive changes in cellular and multicellular phenotypes. Nanoparticle functionalization reduced net headspace CO2 accumulation, increased chlorophyll content and induced stage-dependent reorganization of photosynthetic function and carbon-handling pathways. These physiological changes were accompanied by altered cell wall regeneration and progressive remodelling of cell wall composition, spatial organization and ultrastructure, ultimately promoting more cohesive multicellular aggregates. Our findings establish successive nanomaterial functionalization as a strategy to steer the evolving physiology and structural organization of proliferating plant cell populations, opening opportunities for plant biohybrid systems and engineered living materials.
ER -