Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Environmental Health Perspectives
The Conflict between Regulatory Agencies over the 20,000-Fold Lowering of the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for Bisphenol A (BPA) by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
Abstract
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommended lowering their estimated tolerable daily intake (TDI) for bisphenol A (BPA) 20,000-fold to 0:2 ng=kg body weight ðBWÞ=day. BPA is an extensively studied high production volume endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) associated with a vast array of diseases. Prior risk assessments of BPA by EFSA as well as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have relied on industry-funded studies conducted under good laboratory practice protocols (GLP) requiring guideline end points and detailed record keeping,
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BibTeX
@article{saal2026conflict,
title = {{The Conflict between Regulatory Agencies over the 20,000-Fold Lowering of the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for Bisphenol A (BPA) by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)}},
author = {Frederick S Vom Saal and Michael Antoniou and Scott M Belcher and Ake Bergman and Ramji K Bhandari and Linda S Birnbaum and Aly Cohen and Terrence J Collins and Barbara Demeneix and Anne Marie Fine and Jodi A Flaws and Veronique Gayrard and William H Goodson and Andrea C Gore and Jerrold J Heindel and Patricia A Hunt and Taisen Iguchi and Christopher D Kassotis and Andreas Kortenkamp and Robin Mesnage and Jane Muncke and John Peterson Myers and Angel Nadal and Retha R Newbold and Vasantha Padmanabhan and Paola Palanza and Zandra Palma and Stefano Parmigiani and Lyn Patrick and Gail S Prins and Cheryl S Rosenfeld and Niels E Skakkebaek and Carlos Sonnenschein and Ana M Soto and Shanna H Swan and Julia A Taylor and Pierre-Louis Toutain and Frank A von Hippel and Wade V Welshons and Daniel Zalko and R. Thomas Zoeller},
journal = {Environmental Health Perspectives},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1289/ehp13812},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05797898v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - The Conflict between Regulatory Agencies over the 20,000-Fold Lowering of the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for Bisphenol A (BPA) by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
AU - Frederick S Vom Saal
AU - Michael Antoniou
AU - Scott M Belcher
AU - Ake Bergman
AU - Ramji K Bhandari
AU - Linda S Birnbaum
AU - Aly Cohen
AU - Terrence J Collins
AU - Barbara Demeneix
AU - Anne Marie Fine
AU - Jodi A Flaws
AU - Veronique Gayrard
AU - William H Goodson
AU - Andrea C Gore
AU - Jerrold J Heindel
AU - Patricia A Hunt
AU - Taisen Iguchi
AU - Christopher D Kassotis
AU - Andreas Kortenkamp
AU - Robin Mesnage
AU - Jane Muncke
AU - John Peterson Myers
AU - Angel Nadal
AU - Retha R Newbold
AU - Vasantha Padmanabhan
AU - Paola Palanza
AU - Zandra Palma
AU - Stefano Parmigiani
AU - Lyn Patrick
AU - Gail S Prins
AU - Cheryl S Rosenfeld
AU - Niels E Skakkebaek
AU - Carlos Sonnenschein
AU - Ana M Soto
AU - Shanna H Swan
AU - Julia A Taylor
AU - Pierre-Louis Toutain
AU - Frank A von Hippel
AU - Wade V Welshons
AU - Daniel Zalko
AU - R. Thomas Zoeller
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
JO - Environmental Health Perspectives
DO - 10.1289/ehp13812
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05797898v1
AB - The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommended lowering their estimated tolerable daily intake (TDI) for bisphenol A (BPA) 20,000-fold to 0:2 ng=kg body weight ðBWÞ=day. BPA is an extensively studied high production volume endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) associated with a vast array of diseases. Prior risk assessments of BPA by EFSA as well as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have relied on industry-funded studies conducted under good laboratory practice protocols (GLP) requiring guideline end points and detailed record keeping,
SN - 0091-6765
SN - 1552-9924
ER -