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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Endocrinology

BSJPHXF modulates the FGF23-Klotho bone-kidney axis and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in ovariectomized rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis

  • Huibing Zhang1
  • Yinyin Zhang1
  • Bo Ning1
  • Yanping Lin2
  • Peiyu Wang3
  • Xiaoyu Zhang1
  • Zehua Guo1
  • Genfu Zhu2
  1. 1The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
  2. 2The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
  3. 3The First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine
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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of the Kidney-Tonifying, Spleen-Strengthening and Blood-Activating Formula (BSJPHXF, also known as Gukang Formula) on the FGF23-Klotho bone-kidney axis and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods: Forty SPF female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, ovariectomized (OVX; model), BSJPHXF and Liuwei Dihuang Wan (LWDHW; positive control) groups (n=10 per group) and treated by gavage for 4 weeks after a 12-week recovery period. Serum calcium and phosphorus were measured by automated biochemical analysis; serum FGF23, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ [1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ ] by ELISA; renal Klotho, NaPi-IIa and 1α-hydroxylase (Cyp27b1) by Western blot; bone microstructure by Micro-CT; and renal histopathology by HE staining. Serum biochemistry and ELISA were performed in nine animals per group, and Western blot, Micro-CT and histology in three animals per group; the animal was the experimental unit.

Results: Compared with sham, OVX rats had lower serum calcium (1.997 ± 0.109 vs. 2.547 ± 0.189 mmol/L) and 1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ (102.21 ± 2.87 vs. 201.74 ± 5.85 pg/mL) and higher serum phosphorus (2.019 ± 0.099 vs. 1.355 ± 0.027 mmol/L), FGF23 (366.82 ± 28.36 vs. 159.52 ± 20.39 pg/mL) and PTH (141.63 ± 15.29 vs. 33.91 ± 7.59 pg/mL) (all P<0.001). BSJPHXF attenuated these changes relative to OVX (P<0.001). BSJPHXF and LWDHW did not differ for calcium, FGF23 or PTH, whereas LWDHW produced a greater reduction in serum phosphorus (1.463 ± 0.062 vs. 1.587 ± 0.048 mmol/L, P = 0.0015) and a greater increase in 1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ (174.66 ± 7.00 vs. 156.54 ± 13.09 pg/mL, P = 0.0002). On Micro-CT, BSJPHXF, but not LWDHW, improved trabecular bone volume fraction, separation and number versus OVX, and BSJPHXF was superior to LWDHW for all three; trabecular thickness did not differ among groups.

Conclusion: In OVX rats, BSJPHXF attenuated calcium-phosphorus disturbance, with accompanying changes in renal Klotho, NaPi-IIa and Cyp27b1 and in circulating FGF23, PTH and 1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ , and improved trabecular microarchitecture. As the mechanistically most important endpoints rested on three animals per group and functional renal parameters were not measured, these findings are preliminary and hypothesis-generating.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026bsjphxf,
  title = {{BSJPHXF modulates the FGF23-Klotho bone-kidney axis and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in ovariectomized rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis}},
  author = {Huibing Zhang and Yinyin Zhang and Bo Ning and Yanping Lin and Peiyu Wang and Xiaoyu Zhang and Zehua Guo and Genfu Zhu},
  journal = {Frontiers in Endocrinology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fendo.2026.1943198},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1943198/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - BSJPHXF modulates the FGF23-Klotho bone-kidney axis and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in ovariectomized rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis
AU  - Huibing Zhang
AU  - Yinyin Zhang
AU  - Bo Ning
AU  - Yanping Lin
AU  - Peiyu Wang
AU  - Xiaoyu Zhang
AU  - Zehua Guo
AU  - Genfu Zhu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/23
JO  - Frontiers in Endocrinology
DO  - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1943198
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1943198/full
AB  - Objective: To investigate the effects of the Kidney-Tonifying, Spleen-Strengthening and Blood-Activating Formula (BSJPHXF, also known as Gukang Formula) on the FGF23-Klotho bone-kidney axis and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.  Methods: Forty SPF female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, ovariectomized (OVX; model), BSJPHXF and Liuwei Dihuang Wan (LWDHW; positive control) groups (n=10 per group) and treated by gavage for 4 weeks after a 12-week recovery period. Serum calcium and phosphorus were measured by automated biochemical analysis; serum FGF23, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ [1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ ] by ELISA; renal Klotho, NaPi-IIa and 1α-hydroxylase (Cyp27b1) by Western blot; bone microstructure by Micro-CT; and renal histopathology by HE staining. Serum biochemistry and ELISA were performed in nine animals per group, and Western blot, Micro-CT and histology in three animals per group; the animal was the experimental unit.  Results: Compared with sham, OVX rats had lower serum calcium (1.997 ± 0.109 vs. 2.547 ± 0.189 mmol/L) and 1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ (102.21 ± 2.87 vs. 201.74 ± 5.85 pg/mL) and higher serum phosphorus (2.019 ± 0.099 vs. 1.355 ± 0.027 mmol/L), FGF23 (366.82 ± 28.36 vs. 159.52 ± 20.39 pg/mL) and PTH (141.63 ± 15.29 vs. 33.91 ± 7.59 pg/mL) (all P<0.001). BSJPHXF attenuated these changes relative to OVX (P<0.001). BSJPHXF and LWDHW did not differ for calcium, FGF23 or PTH, whereas LWDHW produced a greater reduction in serum phosphorus (1.463 ± 0.062 vs. 1.587 ± 0.048 mmol/L, P = 0.0015) and a greater increase in 1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ (174.66 ± 7.00 vs. 156.54 ± 13.09 pg/mL, P = 0.0002). On Micro-CT, BSJPHXF, but not LWDHW, improved trabecular bone volume fraction, separation and number versus OVX, and BSJPHXF was superior to LWDHW for all three; trabecular thickness did not differ among groups.  Conclusion: In OVX rats, BSJPHXF attenuated calcium-phosphorus disturbance, with accompanying changes in renal Klotho, NaPi-IIa and Cyp27b1 and in circulating FGF23, PTH and 1, 25-(OH) ₂ D ₃ , and improved trabecular microarchitecture. As the mechanistically most important endpoints rested on three animals per group and functional renal parameters were not measured, these findings are preliminary and hypothesis-generating.
SN  - 1664-2392
ER  -