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Peer-reviewedCC BYPakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry

Clinical Patterns, Indications, and Determinants of Third Molar Extraction among Dental Patients

  • Asad Khan1
  • Hafsa Ashraf1
  • Muhammad Yaqoob2
  • Shafee Ullah3
  • Muhammad Zeeshan4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Nantong University China School of Public Health
  2. 2Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Institute of Medical Sciences Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
  3. 3School of Public Health, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.
  4. 4Valley Heart Institute of Medical Sciences Pvt. Ltd Rahimabad, Mingora, Swat, KPK, Pakistan.
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Abstract

Background: The prevalence of third molar extraction varies by population and is affected by age, dental hygiene, impaction, and anatomical variation. Locally generated evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, is limited.

Method: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at two private and two public hospitals in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, from October 2023 to March 2024. Using non-probability consecutive sampling, 227 permanently resident patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled and interviewed using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analysed in SPSS v22 using frequencies, percentages, and the Pearson chi-square test, with significance set at p<0.05.

Results: Of 227 patients, 124 (54.6%) were male; 103 (45.4%) were female; 58 (25.6%) had a history of third molar extraction, 30/58 (51.7%) male and 28/58 (48.3%) female (χ²=0.265, p=0.648). Impaction was the leading indication (30/58, 51.7%), followed by infection (12/58, 20.7%), grossly carious teeth (10/58, 17.2%), pain (5/58, 8.6%), and crowding (1/58, 1.7%). Extraction was significantly associated with age (χ²=14.57, df=3, p=0.002) and education level (χ²=9.295, df=3, p=0.026), being most frequent among patients aged 15–30 years (28/58, 48.3%).

Conclusions: About one in four dental patients in Swat had undergone third molar extraction, most commonly for impaction. Younger age and lower education level were significantly associated with extraction, supporting individualised, age-targeted treatment planning and preventive oral health counselling.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{khan2026clinical,
  title = {{Clinical Patterns, Indications, and Determinants of Third Molar Extraction among Dental Patients}},
  author = {Asad Khan and Hafsa Ashraf and Muhammad Yaqoob and Shafee Ullah and Muhammad Zeeshan},
  journal = {Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.36283/ziun-pjmd15-4/004},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.36283/ziun-pjmd15-4/004},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Patterns, Indications, and Determinants of Third Molar Extraction among Dental Patients
AU  - Asad Khan
AU  - Hafsa Ashraf
AU  - Muhammad Yaqoob
AU  - Shafee Ullah
AU  - Muhammad Zeeshan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/01
JO  - Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry
DO  - 10.36283/ziun-pjmd15-4/004
UR  - https://doi.org/10.36283/ziun-pjmd15-4/004
AB  - Background: The prevalence of third molar extraction varies by population and is affected by age, dental hygiene, impaction, and anatomical variation. Locally generated evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, is limited.  Method: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at two private and two public hospitals in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, from October 2023 to March 2024. Using non-probability consecutive sampling, 227 permanently resident patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled and interviewed using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analysed in SPSS v22 using frequencies, percentages, and the Pearson chi-square test, with significance set at p<0.05.  Results: Of 227 patients, 124 (54.6%) were male; 103 (45.4%) were female; 58 (25.6%) had a history of third molar extraction, 30/58 (51.7%) male and 28/58 (48.3%) female (χ²=0.265, p=0.648). Impaction was the leading indication (30/58, 51.7%), followed by infection (12/58, 20.7%), grossly carious teeth (10/58, 17.2%), pain (5/58, 8.6%), and crowding (1/58, 1.7%). Extraction was significantly associated with age (χ²=14.57, df=3, p=0.002) and education level (χ²=9.295, df=3, p=0.026), being most frequent among patients aged 15–30 years (28/58, 48.3%).  Conclusions: About one in four dental patients in Swat had undergone third molar extraction, most commonly for impaction. Younger age and lower education level were significantly associated with extraction, supporting individualised, age-targeted treatment planning and preventive oral health counselling.
SN  - 2313-7371
SN  - 2308-2593
ER  -