Collusion-Secure Semi-Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme using a Quantum Third Party
Abstract
The security of a secret sharing protocol is compromised if one or more dishonest participants can reconstruct the secret by deviating from the prescribed protocol, particularly when such malicious behavior remains undetected. Semi-Quantum Secret Sharing (SQSS) is a variant of secret sharing in which the participants possess only classical capabilities, such as preparing and measuring qubits in the computational (Z) basis, while a quantum-capable third party assists the dealer in generating and distributing quantum shares of a classical secret. The limited quantum capabilities of the participants in SQSS protocols may introduce vulnerabilities to collusion attacks, enabling an assisting quantum third party, in collaboration with a dishonest classical participant, to jointly recover the secret even without detection. In this work, we propose a novel SQSS protocol that eliminates this vulnerability and achieves information-theoretic security against collusion attacks. We further prove that the proposed protocol is secure against a broad class of external and internal attacks. Finally, a comparative analysis demonstrates that our construction advances existing SQSS protocols by simultaneously optimizing qubit efficiency, involves a classical dealer, and resilience against DCNA attacks using basic Bell states.
Related
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- Combinatorial aspects of holographic quantum secret sharing
- Traceable Quantum Secret Sharing
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- A Three-Party W-State Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol with X-Gate Encoding and Forbidden-Outcome Detection
BibTeX
@misc{majhi2026collusionsecure,
title = {{Collusion-Secure Semi-Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme using a Quantum Third Party}},
author = {Santanu Majhi and Nirupam Basak},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.10176},
eprint = {2610.10176},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10176},
note = {CC BY-NC-SA 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Collusion-Secure Semi-Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme using a Quantum Third Party
AU - Santanu Majhi
AU - Nirupam Basak
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.10176
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10176
AB - The security of a secret sharing protocol is compromised if one or more dishonest participants can reconstruct the secret by deviating from the prescribed protocol, particularly when such malicious behavior remains undetected. Semi-Quantum Secret Sharing (SQSS) is a variant of secret sharing in which the participants possess only classical capabilities, such as preparing and measuring qubits in the computational (Z) basis, while a quantum-capable third party assists the dealer in generating and distributing quantum shares of a classical secret. The limited quantum capabilities of the participants in SQSS protocols may introduce vulnerabilities to collusion attacks, enabling an assisting quantum third party, in collaboration with a dishonest classical participant, to jointly recover the secret even without detection. In this work, we propose a novel SQSS protocol that eliminates this vulnerability and achieves information-theoretic security against collusion attacks. We further prove that the proposed protocol is secure against a broad class of external and internal attacks. Finally, a comparative analysis demonstrates that our construction advances existing SQSS protocols by simultaneously optimizing qubit efficiency, involves a classical dealer, and resilience against DCNA attacks using basic Bell states.
ER -