Investigations of Phosphorus Removal Using an Eco-Friendly Modified Biochar: Batch and Continuous Stirred Reactor Studies
Abstract
In this study, a sustainable calcium-rich biochar was synthesized via co-pyrolysis at 800 • C of marble waste, animal manure, and lignocellulosic biomass. This biochar (MWM-B) was comprehensively characterized and then valorized for phosphorus (P) removal from real effluent and synthetic solutions in both batch and continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) modes. Characterization results confirm the formation and deposition of significant amounts of calcium oxides and calcium hydroxides on the biochar surface, which enhance the biochar's surface chemistry and textural properties. In batch mode, MWM-B efficiently removes P with a removal capacity (108.4 mg g -1 ) that is 5.3 times higher than that observed in the CSTR system. This efficiency drop is due to the limited contact time between phosphate species and the biochar particles. Interestingly, the presence of calcium and magnesium in the continuously renewed real effluent in the CSTR system increases P removal efficiency by approximately 136% compared with synthetic solutions. A detailed analysis of MWM-B before and after P removal suggests that this process occurs mainly through precipitation as hydroxyapatite, complexation with hydroxyl functional groups, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding. This work confirms that MWM-B generated at 800 • C is an attractive material for P removal from effluents.
Related
- Synthesis of an eco-friendly calcium-rich biochar: Unveiling the effect of pyrolysis temperature on its properties, phosphorus recovery and involved mechanisms
- Towards Environmentally Friendly Removal of Acrylate-Based Impregnation from Commercial Carbon Fiber Roving
- Asymmetric atomic-level engineering of phosphorus-modified Cu single-atom coordination centers on carbon nitride for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
- Acid-Modified Biochar/poly(arginyl-Lysine) Composite as an Environmentally Friendly High-Temperature Shale Inhibitor
- Surface Phosphorus-Modified Mo2C MXene Toward Boosted Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Mg–Air Battery
BibTeX
@article{jellali2026investigations,
title = {{Investigations of Phosphorus Removal Using an Eco-Friendly Modified Biochar: Batch and Continuous Stirred Reactor Studies}},
author = {Salah Jellali and Ahmed Amine Azzaz and Wissem Hamdi and Maram Al-Balushi and Ahmed Al-Raeesi and Ahlam Al Hanai and Hamed Al-Nadabi and Jamal Al-Sabahi and Malik Al-Wardy and Mejdi Jeguirim},
journal = {Water},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
doi = {10.3390/w18111348},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05797807v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Investigations of Phosphorus Removal Using an Eco-Friendly Modified Biochar: Batch and Continuous Stirred Reactor Studies
AU - Salah Jellali
AU - Ahmed Amine Azzaz
AU - Wissem Hamdi
AU - Maram Al-Balushi
AU - Ahmed Al-Raeesi
AU - Ahlam Al Hanai
AU - Hamed Al-Nadabi
AU - Jamal Al-Sabahi
AU - Malik Al-Wardy
AU - Mejdi Jeguirim
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/06/02
JO - Water
DO - 10.3390/w18111348
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05797807v1
AB - In this study, a sustainable calcium-rich biochar was synthesized via co-pyrolysis at 800 • C of marble waste, animal manure, and lignocellulosic biomass. This biochar (MWM-B) was comprehensively characterized and then valorized for phosphorus (P) removal from real effluent and synthetic solutions in both batch and continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) modes. Characterization results confirm the formation and deposition of significant amounts of calcium oxides and calcium hydroxides on the biochar surface, which enhance the biochar's surface chemistry and textural properties. In batch mode, MWM-B efficiently removes P with a removal capacity (108.4 mg g -1 ) that is 5.3 times higher than that observed in the CSTR system. This efficiency drop is due to the limited contact time between phosphate species and the biochar particles. Interestingly, the presence of calcium and magnesium in the continuously renewed real effluent in the CSTR system increases P removal efficiency by approximately 136% compared with synthetic solutions. A detailed analysis of MWM-B before and after P removal suggests that this process occurs mainly through precipitation as hydroxyapatite, complexation with hydroxyl functional groups, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding. This work confirms that MWM-B generated at 800 • C is an attractive material for P removal from effluents.
SN - 2073-4441
ER -