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Peer-reviewedCC BYJournal of Asthma and Allergy

Patterns of Allergen Sensitization in Patients with Allergic Disease in Wenzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • Li Y1
  • Wang B1
  • Wang Q2
  • Xu G2
  • Chen S2
  1. 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children
  2. 2Department of Clinical Laboratory
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Abstract

Yadong Li,1,&ast; Bin Wang,1,&ast; Qianyun Wang,2,&ast; Gang Xu,3 Shuying Chen31Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shuying Chen; Gang Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2, Fuxue Lane, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Regional allergen exposure varies with climate, lifestyle, and developmental stage. Evidence from coastal southeastern China remains limited, particularly across the full age range and across multiple allergic phenotypes. This study described age-related patterns of allergen sensitization in patients with allergic disease in Wenzhou, China, and evaluated associations with sex, season, clinical phenotype, polysensitization, and allergen co-occurrence.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed electronic medical records and routine laboratory data from 20,019 patients who underwent allergen testing at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between March 2023 and February 2026. Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) to 22 allergens (11 inhalant and 11 food allergens) were measured. sIgE positivity was defined as ≥ 0.35 IU/mL. Clinical phenotypes included allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma (AS), and skin allergy (SA). Positivity rates were compared using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression, allergen co-occurrence networks, and an age-season clustering heatmap were used to examine sensitization patterns.Results: Total IgE positivity was 43.5% (8,700/20,019). Dermatophagoides farinae (38.5%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (36.6%) had the highest sIgE positivity rates, followed by cockroach (14.4%) and house dust (12.9%). Among food allergens, egg (9.5%), crab (7.0%), and milk (4.4%) predominated. Food sensitization peaked in infants and toddlers and declined with age, whereas inhalant sensitization rose during childhood and remained elevated through school age and adolescence. Total IgE positivity was higher in males than in females (50.0% vs 38.1%; odds ratio [OR] for females versus males, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58– 0.65; P < 0.001). Mite, house dust, and Alternaria sensitization peaked in summer, whereas cockroach sensitization peaked in autumn. After adjustment for age and sex, inhalant sensitization was associated with increased odds of AR (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 2.05– 2.38; P < 0.001) and AS (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03– 1.35; P < 0.05), whereas food sensitization was more closely associated with SA (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.32– 1.56; P < 0.001).Conclusion: Allergen sensitization in Wenzhou exhibits distinct age-, season-, and phenotype-specific patterns. Testing and management should consider developmental stage, seasonal exposures, and clinical phenotype, with emphasis on mite control, indoor environmental measures, and comprehensive evaluation in patients with comorbid allergies.Keywords: allergen sensitization, allergen-specific IgE, allergic rhinitis, asthma, skin allergy

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{li2026patterns,
  title = {{Patterns of Allergen Sensitization in Patients with Allergic Disease in Wenzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study}},
  author = {Li Y and Wang B and Wang Q and Xu G and Chen S},
  journal = {Journal of Asthma and Allergy},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  url = {https://www.dovepress.com/patterns-of-allergen-sensitization-in-patients-with-allergic-disease-i-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JAA},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patterns of Allergen Sensitization in Patients with Allergic Disease in Wenzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
AU  - Li Y
AU  - Wang B
AU  - Wang Q
AU  - Xu G
AU  - Chen S
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/05
JO  - Journal of Asthma and Allergy
UR  - https://www.dovepress.com/patterns-of-allergen-sensitization-in-patients-with-allergic-disease-i-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JAA
AB  - Yadong Li,1,&ast; Bin Wang,1,&ast; Qianyun Wang,2,&ast; Gang Xu,3 Shuying Chen31Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shuying Chen; Gang Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2, Fuxue Lane, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Regional allergen exposure varies with climate, lifestyle, and developmental stage. Evidence from coastal southeastern China remains limited, particularly across the full age range and across multiple allergic phenotypes. This study described age-related patterns of allergen sensitization in patients with allergic disease in Wenzhou, China, and evaluated associations with sex, season, clinical phenotype, polysensitization, and allergen co-occurrence.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed electronic medical records and routine laboratory data from 20,019 patients who underwent allergen testing at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between March 2023 and February 2026. Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) to 22 allergens (11 inhalant and 11 food allergens) were measured. sIgE positivity was defined as ≥ 0.35 IU/mL. Clinical phenotypes included allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma (AS), and skin allergy (SA). Positivity rates were compared using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression, allergen co-occurrence networks, and an age-season clustering heatmap were used to examine sensitization patterns.Results: Total IgE positivity was 43.5% (8,700/20,019). Dermatophagoides farinae (38.5%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (36.6%) had the highest sIgE positivity rates, followed by cockroach (14.4%) and house dust (12.9%). Among food allergens, egg (9.5%), crab (7.0%), and milk (4.4%) predominated. Food sensitization peaked in infants and toddlers and declined with age, whereas inhalant sensitization rose during childhood and remained elevated through school age and adolescence. Total IgE positivity was higher in males than in females (50.0% vs 38.1%; odds ratio [OR] for females versus males, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58– 0.65; P < 0.001). Mite, house dust, and Alternaria sensitization peaked in summer, whereas cockroach sensitization peaked in autumn. After adjustment for age and sex, inhalant sensitization was associated with increased odds of AR (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 2.05– 2.38; P < 0.001) and AS (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03– 1.35; P < 0.05), whereas food sensitization was more closely associated with SA (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.32– 1.56; P < 0.001).Conclusion: Allergen sensitization in Wenzhou exhibits distinct age-, season-, and phenotype-specific patterns. Testing and management should consider developmental stage, seasonal exposures, and clinical phenotype, with emphasis on mite control, indoor environmental measures, and comprehensive evaluation in patients with comorbid allergies.Keywords: allergen sensitization, allergen-specific IgE, allergic rhinitis, asthma, skin allergy
SN  - 1178-6965
ER  -