Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-2549 I/D polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome susceptibility in Turkish women.
5 affiliations
- 1Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Soke Vocational School of Health Services - Aydın, Turkey.
- 2Adiyaman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Adıyaman, Turkey.
- 3Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics - Samsun, Turkey.
- 4Aksaray University - Aksaray, Turkey.
- 5Adiyaman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine - Adıyaman, Turkey.
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate whether the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A promoter rs35569394 (-2549 insertion/deletion) polymorphism is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome risk and related clinical-metabolic features.Methods
The study included 104 women with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria and 128 controls. Clinical, hormonal, and metabolic variables were recorded, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-2549 insertion/deletion genotypes were determined by direct polymerase chain reaction. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was assessed in controls. Benjamini-Hochberg false-discovery-rate-adjusted p-values were calculated for the 11 clinical comparisons, while prespecified Bonferroni-adjusted p-values were retained for genotype and family-history contrasts.Results
Body mass index, prolactin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, insulin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing harmone, and total testosterone were higher in the polycystic ovary syndrome group. Overall genotype distribution differed between groups (Cramer's V=0.20; chi-square=8.87, p=0.012). The detection/deletion genotype was more frequent in polycystic ovary syndrome patients than controls (30.77% vs. 15.63%; Cohen's h=0.36; raw p=0.007; Bonferroni-adjusted p=0.028; OR 2.40, 95%CI 1.28-4.51). The family-history detection/deletion comparison did not remain significant after adjustment (raw p=0.018; adjusted p=0.072). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis in controls yielded an exact p-value of 0.050 and a Pearson p-value of 0.037.Conclusion
In this Turkish case-control sample, the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-2549 insertion/deletion detection/deletion genotype was more frequent among women with polycystic ovary syndrome than among controls. This observed association does not establish causality, a functional effect, phenotype-specific relevance, or clinical utility. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls, residual confounding from incomplete matching, limited power, and lack of functional validation make the finding preliminary. Independent validation in larger, well-matched cohorts with prespecified genotyping quality control, phenotype stratification, and functional studies is required.
Related
- Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A +936 C/T Polymorphism With Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Bangladeshi Population: A Case‐Control Study
- The Association Between CD40 rs1883832 Polymorphism and Cancer Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
- Case-control study on the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D rs4646944 single nucleotide polymorphism and young-onset cryptogenic ischemic stroke in an Algerian cohort Estudo de caso-controle sobre associação do polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único I/D rs4646944 do gene da enzima conversora de angiotensina e acidente vascular isquêmico criptogênico de início precoce em coorte argelina
- Causal association between plasma vascular endothelial growth factor family proteins and placenta previa: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.
- Association between MMP-2 rs243866 polymorphism with susceptibility to gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection
BibTeX
@article{aci2026association,
title = {{Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-2549 I/D polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome susceptibility in Turkish women.}},
author = {Recai Aci and Mehmet Can Nacar and Serbulent Yigit and Husniye Rustemoglu and Eda Nacar},
journal = {Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1590/1806-9282.20260842},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42912070},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-2549 I/D polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome susceptibility in Turkish women.
AU - Recai Aci
AU - Mehmet Can Nacar
AU - Serbulent Yigit
AU - Husniye Rustemoglu
AU - Eda Nacar
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
JO - Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
DO - 10.1590/1806-9282.20260842
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42912070
AB - Objective The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate whether the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A promoter rs35569394 (-2549 insertion/deletion) polymorphism is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome risk and related clinical-metabolic features.Methods The study included 104 women with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria and 128 controls. Clinical, hormonal, and metabolic variables were recorded, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-2549 insertion/deletion genotypes were determined by direct polymerase chain reaction. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was assessed in controls. Benjamini-Hochberg false-discovery-rate-adjusted p-values were calculated for the 11 clinical comparisons, while prespecified Bonferroni-adjusted p-values were retained for genotype and family-history contrasts.Results Body mass index, prolactin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, insulin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing harmone, and total testosterone were higher in the polycystic ovary syndrome group. Overall genotype distribution differed between groups (Cramer's V=0.20; chi-square=8.87, p=0.012). The detection/deletion genotype was more frequent in polycystic ovary syndrome patients than controls (30.77% vs. 15.63%; Cohen's h=0.36; raw p=0.007; Bonferroni-adjusted p=0.028; OR 2.40, 95%CI 1.28-4.51). The family-history detection/deletion comparison did not remain significant after adjustment (raw p=0.018; adjusted p=0.072). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis in controls yielded an exact p-value of 0.050 and a Pearson p-value of 0.037.Conclusion In this Turkish case-control sample, the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-2549 insertion/deletion detection/deletion genotype was more frequent among women with polycystic ovary syndrome than among controls. This observed association does not establish causality, a functional effect, phenotype-specific relevance, or clinical utility. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls, residual confounding from incomplete matching, limited power, and lack of functional validation make the finding preliminary. Independent validation in larger, well-matched cohorts with prespecified genotyping quality control, phenotype stratification, and functional studies is required.
SN - 0104-4230
SN - 1806-9282
ER -