Clinical Characteristics Associated with Biochemical Pregnancy Occurrence Among IVF Patients with Tubal Disorders: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study in Indonesia
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hasan Sadikin General Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Purpose: Infertility is a complex reproductive health condition requiring individualized management. Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become an established treatment option, early pregnancy outcomes vary among patients due to differences in maternal, ovarian, uterine, and treatment-related characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence among women undergoing IVF, with further evaluation among patients with documented tubal disorders.
Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Infertility Clinic of Aster, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Women who underwent IVF between January 2019 and December 2023 were identified from clinical records and invited to participate. Biochemical pregnancy occurrence was defined as a positive serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) result following IVF treatment, obtained through structured telephone interviews based on participants’ reported results. Clinical characteristics were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test for continuous variables, as appropriate. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Among 89 women included, biochemical pregnancy occurred in 40 patients (44.9%). Female age (p=0.033), duration of infertility (p<0.001), and AMH level (p=0.003) were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence. Among patients with tubal disorders (n=40), diminished ovarian reserve (p=0.031), uterine fibroids (p=0.038), and history of pelvic inflammatory disease (p=0.004) were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence.
Conclusion: Several clinical characteristics were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence among women undergoing IVF. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory associations because multivariable adjustment was not performed. Further prospective multicenter studies with comprehensive IVF-related data are needed to validate these findings.
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BibTeX
@article{pertiwi2026clinical,
title = {{Clinical Characteristics Associated with Biochemical Pregnancy Occurrence Among IVF Patients with Tubal Disorders: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study in Indonesia}},
author = {Ilonna Putri Pertiwi and Hanom Husni Syam and Eppy Darmadi Achmad},
journal = {International Journal of Women's Health},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.2147/ijwh.s644133},
url = {https://doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s644133},
note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Characteristics Associated with Biochemical Pregnancy Occurrence Among IVF Patients with Tubal Disorders: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study in Indonesia
AU - Ilonna Putri Pertiwi
AU - Hanom Husni Syam
AU - Eppy Darmadi Achmad
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/31
JO - International Journal of Women's Health
DO - 10.2147/ijwh.s644133
UR - https://doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s644133
AB - Purpose: Infertility is a complex reproductive health condition requiring individualized management. Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become an established treatment option, early pregnancy outcomes vary among patients due to differences in maternal, ovarian, uterine, and treatment-related characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence among women undergoing IVF, with further evaluation among patients with documented tubal disorders. Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Infertility Clinic of Aster, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Women who underwent IVF between January 2019 and December 2023 were identified from clinical records and invited to participate. Biochemical pregnancy occurrence was defined as a positive serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) result following IVF treatment, obtained through structured telephone interviews based on participants’ reported results. Clinical characteristics were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and independent t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test for continuous variables, as appropriate. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 89 women included, biochemical pregnancy occurred in 40 patients (44.9%). Female age (p=0.033), duration of infertility (p<0.001), and AMH level (p=0.003) were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence. Among patients with tubal disorders (n=40), diminished ovarian reserve (p=0.031), uterine fibroids (p=0.038), and history of pelvic inflammatory disease (p=0.004) were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence. Conclusion: Several clinical characteristics were associated with biochemical pregnancy occurrence among women undergoing IVF. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory associations because multivariable adjustment was not performed. Further prospective multicenter studies with comprehensive IVF-related data are needed to validate these findings.
SN - 1179-1411
ER -