Salmon bone-derived chondroitin sulfate nanogels for controlled delivery of curcumin: release behavior, structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory efficacy.
- 1Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do Hanoi 100000 Vietnam [email protected].
- 2School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology 01 Dai Co Viet, Bach Mai Hanoi 100000 Vietnam.
Abstract
Marine-derived polysaccharides have emerged as sustainable biomaterials for advanced drug delivery; however, the relationship between their molecular organization and drug release behavior remains insufficiently understood. In this study, chondroitin sulfate (CS) extracted from salmon bone was utilized to fabricate Ca²⁺-crosslinked nanogels for the controlled delivery of curcumin (Cur). The optimized nanogels exhibited a hydrodynamic diameter of 217.3 ± 15.6 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.25 ± 0.02, and a negative zeta potential of -26.9 ± 0.14 mV, indicating good colloidal stability. Comprehensive structural characterization via FT-IR and XRD indicated that the nanogel framework is stabilized by Ca²⁺-mediated ionic crosslinking and multi-point hydrogen bonding. Notably, XRD analysis revealed that while encapsulated curcumin primarily adopts an amorphous molecular dispersion, the emergence of a specific reflection at 2θ ≈ 14° suggests that a minor fraction adopts a locally ordered state stabilized within the nanogel microenvironment. The nanogels demonstrated a sustained biphasic release profile governed by anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion (n = 0.711). Furthermore, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, the CS-Cur nanogels showed significantly enhanced anti-inflammatory efficacy and high biocompatibility compared to free curcumin. These findings highlight salmon bone-derived CS as a sustainable, high-performance matrix for hydrophobic drug delivery, providing new insights into the role of cargo-induced structural organization in regulating therapeutic release and biological performance.
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BibTeX
@article{ngo2026salmon,
title = {{Salmon bone-derived chondroitin sulfate nanogels for controlled delivery of curcumin: release behavior, structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory efficacy.}},
author = {Quang Van Ngo and Nguyen Chi Nguyen and Hong Thi Pham and Cuong Duc Ho and Thu Thi Minh Quach and Thuy Thi Thu Thanh},
journal = {RSC advances},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1039/d6ra06378k},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42835591},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Salmon bone-derived chondroitin sulfate nanogels for controlled delivery of curcumin: release behavior, structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory efficacy.
AU - Quang Van Ngo
AU - Nguyen Chi Nguyen
AU - Hong Thi Pham
AU - Cuong Duc Ho
AU - Thu Thi Minh Quach
AU - Thuy Thi Thu Thanh
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/05
JO - RSC advances
DO - 10.1039/d6ra06378k
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42835591
AB - Marine-derived polysaccharides have emerged as sustainable biomaterials for advanced drug delivery; however, the relationship between their molecular organization and drug release behavior remains insufficiently understood. In this study, chondroitin sulfate (CS) extracted from salmon bone was utilized to fabricate Ca²⁺-crosslinked nanogels for the controlled delivery of curcumin (Cur). The optimized nanogels exhibited a hydrodynamic diameter of 217.3 ± 15.6 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.25 ± 0.02, and a negative zeta potential of -26.9 ± 0.14 mV, indicating good colloidal stability. Comprehensive structural characterization via FT-IR and XRD indicated that the nanogel framework is stabilized by Ca²⁺-mediated ionic crosslinking and multi-point hydrogen bonding. Notably, XRD analysis revealed that while encapsulated curcumin primarily adopts an amorphous molecular dispersion, the emergence of a specific reflection at 2θ ≈ 14° suggests that a minor fraction adopts a locally ordered state stabilized within the nanogel microenvironment. The nanogels demonstrated a sustained biphasic release profile governed by anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion (n = 0.711). Furthermore, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, the CS-Cur nanogels showed significantly enhanced anti-inflammatory efficacy and high biocompatibility compared to free curcumin. These findings highlight salmon bone-derived CS as a sustainable, high-performance matrix for hydrophobic drug delivery, providing new insights into the role of cargo-induced structural organization in regulating therapeutic release and biological performance.
SN - 2046-2069
ER -