Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Multidrug-resistant Organisms: A Retrospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital
- 13rd Year Resident, Department of Microbiology, Dr. M.K. Shah Medical College and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
- 2Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, GMERS Medical College, Navsari, Gujarat, India.
- 3Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dr. M.K. Shah Medical College and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Abstract
Introduction: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to effective clinical care, significantly limiting therapeutic options and worsening patient outcomes. Tertiary care hospitals represent high-risk environments for the emergence and dissemination of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs), particularly among critically-ill patients exposed to broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy. The increasing prevalence of multidrug resistance across key hospital pathogens highlights a concerning shift toward difficult-to-treat infections, underscoring the need for institution-specific surveillance data. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of MDROs in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted from January to June 2025 at the Department of Microbiology, Dr. M.K. Shah Medical College and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. A total of 530 non-duplicate bacterial isolates from clinical specimens were included. Isolates were identified using colony morphology, Gram staining, standard biochemical tests, and/or the VITEK 2 Compact system. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique and/or the VITEK 2 Compact system, with interpretation in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100 Ed35 2025 guidelines. Data were analysed using WHONET 2024. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate statistical methods. Categorical variables were summarised as frequencies and percentages. Associations between categorical variables were assessed using the Chi-square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 530 bacterial isolates, 320 (60.4%) were identified as MDROs. The MDRO distribution was dominated by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) 108 (33.75%), followed by ESBL producers 77 (24.06%) and Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii (CRAB) 70 (21.88%), with lower proportions of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 40 (12.5%), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa 24 (7.5%), and VRE 1 (0.31%). MDROs were more frequent among inpatients, 291 (90.94%), particularly in intensive care units 127 (39.7%), and showed higher prevalence in older age groups ≥60 years (53.13%). Wound 101 (31.56%) and respiratory 99 (30.94%) specimens constituted the major sources of isolation. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a concerning institutional multidrug resistance landscape that compromises the effectiveness of commonly used antimicrobials. The institution-specific resistance patterns generated in this study support a data-driven recalibration of empirical antimicrobial therapy, while reinforcing the need for sustained antimicrobial stewardship and strengthened infection prevention measures.
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BibTeX
@article{mangal2026prevalence,
title = {{Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Multidrug-resistant Organisms: A Retrospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital}},
author = {Charmi Mangal and Payal Khant and Kairavi Passwala and Rachana Solanki and Mahendra Vegad},
journal = {Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.7860/jcdr/2026/90242.24679},
url = {https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2026/90242.24679},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Multidrug-resistant Organisms: A Retrospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital
AU - Charmi Mangal
AU - Payal Khant
AU - Kairavi Passwala
AU - Rachana Solanki
AU - Mahendra Vegad
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
JO - Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
DO - 10.7860/jcdr/2026/90242.24679
UR - https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2026/90242.24679
AB - Introduction: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to effective clinical care, significantly limiting therapeutic options and worsening patient outcomes. Tertiary care hospitals represent high-risk environments for the emergence and dissemination of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs), particularly among critically-ill patients exposed to broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy. The increasing prevalence of multidrug resistance across key hospital pathogens highlights a concerning shift toward difficult-to-treat infections, underscoring the need for institution-specific surveillance data. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of MDROs in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted from January to June 2025 at the Department of Microbiology, Dr. M.K. Shah Medical College and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. A total of 530 non-duplicate bacterial isolates from clinical specimens were included. Isolates were identified using colony morphology, Gram staining, standard biochemical tests, and/or the VITEK 2 Compact system. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique and/or the VITEK 2 Compact system, with interpretation in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100 Ed35 2025 guidelines. Data were analysed using WHONET 2024. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate statistical methods. Categorical variables were summarised as frequencies and percentages. Associations between categorical variables were assessed using the Chi-square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 530 bacterial isolates, 320 (60.4%) were identified as MDROs. The MDRO distribution was dominated by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) 108 (33.75%), followed by ESBL producers 77 (24.06%) and Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii (CRAB) 70 (21.88%), with lower proportions of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 40 (12.5%), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa 24 (7.5%), and VRE 1 (0.31%). MDROs were more frequent among inpatients, 291 (90.94%), particularly in intensive care units 127 (39.7%), and showed higher prevalence in older age groups ≥60 years (53.13%). Wound 101 (31.56%) and respiratory 99 (30.94%) specimens constituted the major sources of isolation. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a concerning institutional multidrug resistance landscape that compromises the effectiveness of commonly used antimicrobials. The institution-specific resistance patterns generated in this study support a data-driven recalibration of empirical antimicrobial therapy, while reinforcing the need for sustained antimicrobial stewardship and strengthened infection prevention measures.
SN - 2249-782X
SN - 0973-709X
ER -