Yersinia enterocolitica 2/O:9 outbreak in France linked to raw cow milk cheese, 2024
Abstract
Enteric yersiniosis represents the fourth most frequently reported bacterial foodborne zoonosis in Europe and has been responsible for several outbreaks. Infections are primarily caused by Yersinia enterocolitica and, to a lesser extent, by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Investigation of an outbreak caused by Y. enterocolitica bioserotype 2/O:9 with isolates belonging to a single genomic cluster (0–3 alleles distances mismatch between isolates) identified common exposure to a raw cowʼs milk cheese, leading to an international product recall. The outbreak affected 167 confirmed cases between 17 September 2024 and 07 March 2025 in France and 5 cross-border cases. Y. enterocolitica isolates belonging to the same genomic cluster were detected in the cheese at the cheese factory and in a milking machine filter of a milk producer. This investigation is a reminder of the risks associated with raw milk cheese consumption. We emphasize the need for producers of milk to identify and prevent critical contamination points for Y. enterocolitica.
Related
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BibTeX
@article{tessier2026yersinia,
title = {{Yersinia enterocolitica 2/O:9 outbreak in France linked to raw cow milk cheese, 2024}},
author = {Sabrina Tessier and Cyril Savin and Elodie Terrien and Joëlle Remonnay and Pierre Pamart and Nathalie Fredriksen and Laura Guichard and Carine Martins and Emmanuelle Houard and Christine Girardin and François Clinard and Edith Laurent and Joël Mossong and Olivier Retel and Martine Denis and Anne-Sophie Le Guern and Fanny Chereau},
journal = {Epidemiology and Infection},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1017/s0950268826102209},
url = {https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-05844976v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Yersinia enterocolitica 2/O:9 outbreak in France linked to raw cow milk cheese, 2024
AU - Sabrina Tessier
AU - Cyril Savin
AU - Elodie Terrien
AU - Joëlle Remonnay
AU - Pierre Pamart
AU - Nathalie Fredriksen
AU - Laura Guichard
AU - Carine Martins
AU - Emmanuelle Houard
AU - Christine Girardin
AU - François Clinard
AU - Edith Laurent
AU - Joël Mossong
AU - Olivier Retel
AU - Martine Denis
AU - Anne-Sophie Le Guern
AU - Fanny Chereau
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
JO - Epidemiology and Infection
DO - 10.1017/s0950268826102209
UR - https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-05844976v1
AB - Enteric yersiniosis represents the fourth most frequently reported bacterial foodborne zoonosis in Europe and has been responsible for several outbreaks. Infections are primarily caused by Yersinia enterocolitica and, to a lesser extent, by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Investigation of an outbreak caused by Y. enterocolitica bioserotype 2/O:9 with isolates belonging to a single genomic cluster (0–3 alleles distances mismatch between isolates) identified common exposure to a raw cowʼs milk cheese, leading to an international product recall. The outbreak affected 167 confirmed cases between 17 September 2024 and 07 March 2025 in France and 5 cross-border cases. Y. enterocolitica isolates belonging to the same genomic cluster were detected in the cheese at the cheese factory and in a milking machine filter of a milk producer. This investigation is a reminder of the risks associated with raw milk cheese consumption. We emphasize the need for producers of milk to identify and prevent critical contamination points for Y. enterocolitica.
SN - 0950-2688
SN - 1469-4409
ER -