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Peer-reviewedCC BYInternational Journal of Nanomedicine

Catalytic Design Logic of Nanozymes for Periodontitis: Linking Enzyme-Mimetic Activity to Antibacterial, Immunomodulatory, Regenerative and Diagnostic Outcomes

  • Fan Z1
  • Li Y2
  • Huang H2
  • Chen J3
  1. 1Orthodontics
  2. 2Periodontics
  3. 3Periodontal Disease Department
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Abstract

Zeng Fan,1,* Yi Li,2,* Huiya Huang,2 Jili Chen2 1Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Periodontitis, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jili Chen, Department of Periodontitis, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the dental plaque formed due to bacterial imbalance. It is widespread and a major cause of tooth loss. Existing standard methods (mechanical debridement and systemic antibiotic administration) still have considerable limitations in clearing the biofilm, combating drug resistance, or managing the complex, multifactorial inflammatory microenvironment. Nanozymes, as a class of nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-mimicking catalytic functions, have many advantages: greater stability, lower cost, scalability, and wide applicability. The discussion links nanozyme design and catalytic mechanisms with periodontal immunopathology, including Th17/regulatory T cell imbalance, dendritic cell maturation, and inflammaging. The five therapeutic dimensions involved—antibacterial activity of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant cascades (superoxide dismutase–catalase–glutathione peroxidase multi-enzyme system and the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox cycle), macrophage-mediated immune regulation, stem cell–guided tissue repair, and biosensing—are all related to nanozymes. Besides periodontitis, the review also summarizes the potential therapeutic effects of nanozymes on other oral problems, according to the latest research progress. All studies of nanozyme-based periodontal therapy discussed in this review are preclinical, and no registered interventional clinical trials of nanozymes for periodontitis were identified. Clinical translation remains constrained by substrate availability, local retention and biofilm access, together with long-term biosafety, reproducible production and regulatory requirements. Further development requires aligning catalytic activity with periodontal conditions and validating therapeutic benefit and safety under clinically relevant conditions.Keywords: nanozymes, periodontitis, reactive oxygen species, tissue regeneration, biosensing, immunomodulation, biofilm, alveolar bone regeneration

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{fan2026catalytic,
  title = {{Catalytic Design Logic of Nanozymes for Periodontitis: Linking Enzyme-Mimetic Activity to Antibacterial, Immunomodulatory, Regenerative and Diagnostic Outcomes}},
  author = {Fan Z and Li Y and Huang H and Chen J},
  journal = {International Journal of Nanomedicine},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  url = {https://www.dovepress.com/catalytic-design-logic-of-nanozymes-for-periodontitis-linking-enzyme-m-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Catalytic Design Logic of Nanozymes for Periodontitis: Linking Enzyme-Mimetic Activity to Antibacterial, Immunomodulatory, Regenerative and Diagnostic Outcomes
AU  - Fan Z
AU  - Li Y
AU  - Huang H
AU  - Chen J
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/08
JO  - International Journal of Nanomedicine
UR  - https://www.dovepress.com/catalytic-design-logic-of-nanozymes-for-periodontitis-linking-enzyme-m-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN
AB  - Zeng Fan,1,* Yi Li,2,* Huiya Huang,2 Jili Chen2 1Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Periodontitis, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jili Chen, Department of Periodontitis, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the dental plaque formed due to bacterial imbalance. It is widespread and a major cause of tooth loss. Existing standard methods (mechanical debridement and systemic antibiotic administration) still have considerable limitations in clearing the biofilm, combating drug resistance, or managing the complex, multifactorial inflammatory microenvironment. Nanozymes, as a class of nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-mimicking catalytic functions, have many advantages: greater stability, lower cost, scalability, and wide applicability. The discussion links nanozyme design and catalytic mechanisms with periodontal immunopathology, including Th17/regulatory T cell imbalance, dendritic cell maturation, and inflammaging. The five therapeutic dimensions involved—antibacterial activity of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant cascades (superoxide dismutase–catalase–glutathione peroxidase multi-enzyme system and the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox cycle), macrophage-mediated immune regulation, stem cell–guided tissue repair, and biosensing—are all related to nanozymes. Besides periodontitis, the review also summarizes the potential therapeutic effects of nanozymes on other oral problems, according to the latest research progress. All studies of nanozyme-based periodontal therapy discussed in this review are preclinical, and no registered interventional clinical trials of nanozymes for periodontitis were identified. Clinical translation remains constrained by substrate availability, local retention and biofilm access, together with long-term biosafety, reproducible production and regulatory requirements. Further development requires aligning catalytic activity with periodontal conditions and validating therapeutic benefit and safety under clinically relevant conditions.Keywords: nanozymes, periodontitis, reactive oxygen species, tissue regeneration, biosensing, immunomodulation, biofilm, alveolar bone regeneration
SN  - 1178-2013
ER  -