Freestanding MoS2@Mn-NiO@rGO network composite electrode for high-energy flexible asymmetric supercapacitor applications
4 affiliations
- 1Institute for the Catalysis and Energy Solutions (ICES), College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1709, South Africa
- 2Battery Research Center of Green Energy, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan, ROC
- 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan, ROC
- 4Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering & Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan, ROC
Abstract
Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS 2 ) has emerged as a promising electrode material for flexible supercapacitors (FSCs) due to its layered structure, excellent mechanical flexibility, large surface-to-volume ratio, and superior electrochemical performance. However, its low electrical conductivity and tendency toward layer restacking significantly limit its rate capability and long-term cyclability. Herein, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) heterostructure, MoS 2 @Mn-NiO@rGO, by uniformly growing MoS 2 mesospheres and Mn-NiO nanoparticles directly on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets via a facile hydrothermal method. The MoS 2 @Mn-NiO@rGO electrode exhibited excellent mechanical flexibility and superior electrochemical properties compared with two control electrodes (MoS₂ and MoS 2 @rGO), obtaining a specific capacitance of ∼1094 F·g −1 at a current density of 1 A·g −1 . The superior performance of the 3D composite electrode is attributed to the synergistic effect of the distinctive interconnected network with abundant reaction sites and large enhancement of charge transport. A high mass loading (∼12.5 mg·cm −2 ) asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) in the MoS 2 @Mn-NiO@rGO//AC configuration demonstrated a specific capacitance of ∼166.23 F·g −1 at 1 A·g −1 and excellent capacitance retention of ∼95.5% after 10,000 cycles at 3 A·g −1 . Moreover, the ASC device showed a high energy density of ∼51.94 Wh·kg −1 at a power density of ∼751 W·kg −1 . Besides, two ASC cells in series could power four LEDs (3 mm, 1.5 V each), thereby confirming the energy storage capability. The flexible ASC retained its initial specific capacitance at different bending angles, verifying their suitability as a high-performance power source for wearable applications.
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BibTeX
@article{worku2026freestanding,
title = {{Freestanding MoS2@Mn-NiO@rGO network composite electrode for high-energy flexible asymmetric supercapacitor applications}},
author = {Yared Solomon Worku and Hassan Shabbir and Nithyadharseni Palaniyandy and Ludwe Luther Sikeyi and Chun‐Chen Yang and Rajan Jose},
journal = {Journal of Energy Storage},
year = {2026},
month = may,
doi = {10.1016/j.est.2026.122868},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2026.122868},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Freestanding MoS2@Mn-NiO@rGO network composite electrode for high-energy flexible asymmetric supercapacitor applications
AU - Yared Solomon Worku
AU - Hassan Shabbir
AU - Nithyadharseni Palaniyandy
AU - Ludwe Luther Sikeyi
AU - Chun‐Chen Yang
AU - Rajan Jose
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/05/27
JO - Journal of Energy Storage
DO - 10.1016/j.est.2026.122868
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2026.122868
AB - Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS 2 ) has emerged as a promising electrode material for flexible supercapacitors (FSCs) due to its layered structure, excellent mechanical flexibility, large surface-to-volume ratio, and superior electrochemical performance. However, its low electrical conductivity and tendency toward layer restacking significantly limit its rate capability and long-term cyclability. Herein, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) heterostructure, MoS 2 @Mn-NiO@rGO, by uniformly growing MoS 2 mesospheres and Mn-NiO nanoparticles directly on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets via a facile hydrothermal method. The MoS 2 @Mn-NiO@rGO electrode exhibited excellent mechanical flexibility and superior electrochemical properties compared with two control electrodes (MoS₂ and MoS 2 @rGO), obtaining a specific capacitance of ∼1094 F·g −1 at a current density of 1 A·g −1 . The superior performance of the 3D composite electrode is attributed to the synergistic effect of the distinctive interconnected network with abundant reaction sites and large enhancement of charge transport. A high mass loading (∼12.5 mg·cm −2 ) asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) in the MoS 2 @Mn-NiO@rGO//AC configuration demonstrated a specific capacitance of ∼166.23 F·g −1 at 1 A·g −1 and excellent capacitance retention of ∼95.5% after 10,000 cycles at 3 A·g −1 . Moreover, the ASC device showed a high energy density of ∼51.94 Wh·kg −1 at a power density of ∼751 W·kg −1 . Besides, two ASC cells in series could power four LEDs (3 mm, 1.5 V each), thereby confirming the energy storage capability. The flexible ASC retained its initial specific capacitance at different bending angles, verifying their suitability as a high-performance power source for wearable applications.
SN - 2352-152X
SN - 2352-1538
ER -