Fine-scale spatio-temporal dynamics of kdr mutation V1016G in Aedes albopictus along a transect encompassing the Rome metropolitan area.
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
- 2Unicamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy.
- 3PhD in One Health Approaches to Infectious Diseases and Life Science Research, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
- 4Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
Abstract
Pyrethroid insecticides are largely exploited in Italy to reduce Aedes albopictus nuisance and to discontinue autochthonous transmission of exotic arboviruses. V1016G mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene is strongly associated with resistance to pyrethroids in this species. Here, we provide an unprecedented high-resolution spatiotemporal analysis of the distribution/frequency of the V1016G mutation over an 11-year period in Ae. albopictus populations sampled across a transect encompassing the eco-geographical variability of Mediterranean Europe, including Rome, the only European metropolitan area that has experienced both dengue and chikungunya outbreaks. The results reveal marked spatial heterogeneities in 1016G frequencies, with the highest values in a coastal tourist town (47.7%) and in a few sites within Rome (up to 38.5%), as well as an 8.7% mean increase in allele frequency from 2012 to 2023. Frequency increases in samples collected in the early vs late 2023 season were also observed, particularly in some of the sampling sites. Overall, the results highlight a complex spatio-temporal pattern which is likely due to the trade-off between heterogeneous selective pressure, the effect of gene flow between populations exposed to different levels of pyrethroid spraying and a possible fitness cost of the 1016G allele. Frequencies up to 20% of GG homozygotes detected in some sites underline a possible risk of a reduction in the full effectiveness of pyrethroid treatments implemented in case of autochthonous arbovirus transmission, which - if confirmed phenotypically - should prompt the development of pyrethroid resistance management plans.
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BibTeX
@article{badieinia2026finescale,
title = {{Fine-scale spatio-temporal dynamics of kdr mutation V1016G in Aedes albopictus along a transect encompassing the Rome metropolitan area.}},
author = {Fahimeh Badieinia and Verena Pichler and Luana Violante and Martina Micocci and Chiara Gentile and Eleonora Longo and Carlo Maria De Marco and Greta Santarelli and Chiara Virgillito and Beniamino Caputo and Alessandra Della Torre},
journal = {Current research in parasitology \& vector-borne diseases},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.crpvbd.2026.100445},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42903856},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Fine-scale spatio-temporal dynamics of kdr mutation V1016G in Aedes albopictus along a transect encompassing the Rome metropolitan area.
AU - Fahimeh Badieinia
AU - Verena Pichler
AU - Luana Violante
AU - Martina Micocci
AU - Chiara Gentile
AU - Eleonora Longo
AU - Carlo Maria De Marco
AU - Greta Santarelli
AU - Chiara Virgillito
AU - Beniamino Caputo
AU - Alessandra Della Torre
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
JO - Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases
DO - 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2026.100445
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42903856
AB - Pyrethroid insecticides are largely exploited in Italy to reduce Aedes albopictus nuisance and to discontinue autochthonous transmission of exotic arboviruses. V1016G mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene is strongly associated with resistance to pyrethroids in this species. Here, we provide an unprecedented high-resolution spatiotemporal analysis of the distribution/frequency of the V1016G mutation over an 11-year period in Ae. albopictus populations sampled across a transect encompassing the eco-geographical variability of Mediterranean Europe, including Rome, the only European metropolitan area that has experienced both dengue and chikungunya outbreaks. The results reveal marked spatial heterogeneities in 1016G frequencies, with the highest values in a coastal tourist town (47.7%) and in a few sites within Rome (up to 38.5%), as well as an 8.7% mean increase in allele frequency from 2012 to 2023. Frequency increases in samples collected in the early vs late 2023 season were also observed, particularly in some of the sampling sites. Overall, the results highlight a complex spatio-temporal pattern which is likely due to the trade-off between heterogeneous selective pressure, the effect of gene flow between populations exposed to different levels of pyrethroid spraying and a possible fitness cost of the 1016G allele. Frequencies up to 20% of GG homozygotes detected in some sites underline a possible risk of a reduction in the full effectiveness of pyrethroid treatments implemented in case of autochthonous arbovirus transmission, which - if confirmed phenotypically - should prompt the development of pyrethroid resistance management plans.
SN - 2667-114X
ER -