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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDPsikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar

Development and Validation of a New Self-Care Scale: Self-Care Assessment for Employees (SAFE)

  • Esra Alataş
  • Fatih Yığman1
  • Semra Ulusoy Kaymak2
  • Emre Üstdağ
  • Fatmagül Ertuğrul3
  1. 1YÜKSEK İHTİSAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ
  2. 2SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, GÜLHANE TIP FAKÜLTESİ, GÜLHANE TIP PR. (ANKARA)
  3. 3T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü
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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the Self-Care Assessment for Employees (SAFE), a multidimensional instrument assessing physical, psychosocial, occupational, and mental self-care. Method: A total of 979 healthcare professionals completed an online survey. After excluding 11 responses due to random response patterns, 968 participants were included in the analyses and randomly divided into two subsamples for exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n =484) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n =484). Results: The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was .927, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant, indicating sampling adequacy. EFA revealed a four-factor structure explaining 51.52% of the total variance. During CFA, one item with a standardized loading below .40 was removed, resulting in a final 23-item scale. The four-factor model demonstrated acceptable fit (χ²/df = 2.86, CFI = .918, TLI = .906, RMSEA = .062). Standardized factor loadings ranged from .51 to .79. Composite reliability values exceeded .70 for all factors, and convergent and discriminant validity were generally supported. Conclusion: The SAFE demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and provides a comprehensive framework for assessing multidimensional self-care and motivational readiness among employees.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{alatas2026development,
  title = {{Development and Validation of a New Self-Care Scale: Self-Care Assessment for Employees (SAFE)}},
  author = {Esra Alataş and Fatih Yığman and Semra Ulusoy Kaymak and Emre Üstdağ and Fatmagül Ertuğrul},
  journal = {Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.18863/pgy.1834947},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1834947},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development and Validation of a New Self-Care Scale: Self-Care Assessment for Employees (SAFE)
AU  - Esra Alataş
AU  - Fatih Yığman
AU  - Semra Ulusoy Kaymak
AU  - Emre Üstdağ
AU  - Fatmagül Ertuğrul
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/25
JO  - Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar
DO  - 10.18863/pgy.1834947
UR  - https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1834947
AB  - Objective: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the Self-Care Assessment for Employees (SAFE), a multidimensional instrument assessing physical, psychosocial, occupational, and mental self-care. Method: A total of 979 healthcare professionals completed an online survey. After excluding 11 responses due to random response patterns, 968 participants were included in the analyses and randomly divided into two subsamples for exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n =484) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n =484). Results: The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was .927, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant, indicating sampling adequacy. EFA revealed a four-factor structure explaining 51.52% of the total variance. During CFA, one item with a standardized loading below .40 was removed, resulting in a final 23-item scale. The four-factor model demonstrated acceptable fit (χ²/df = 2.86, CFI = .918, TLI = .906, RMSEA = .062). Standardized factor loadings ranged from .51 to .79. Composite reliability values exceeded .70 for all factors, and convergent and discriminant validity were generally supported. Conclusion: The SAFE demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and provides a comprehensive framework for assessing multidimensional self-care and motivational readiness among employees.
SN  - 1309-0674
SN  - 1309-0658
ER  -