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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NCOphthalmology and Therapy

Adjunctive 0.05% Atropine for Children with Continued Rapid Myopia Progression During Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacle Lens Treatment: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study

  • QingLin Xu1
  • Minsong Xue2
  • Hong Liu2
  • WenYu Gao3
  • Haiying Zhu4
  • Yuwen Ran2
  • Hong Zhong2
  • Longbo Wen2
  • Zhikuan Yang2
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Optometry and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University
  2. 2Aier Academy of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group Co., Ltd
  3. 3Aier Eye Institute of Optometry and Vision Science
  4. 4Dalian Medical University
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Abstract

Introduction Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses slow myopia progression, but some children continue to experience rapid axial elongation despite treatment. This study evaluated whether adjunctive 0.05% atropine was associated with additional myopia control in children with an insufficient response to DIMS monotherapy. Methods This retrospective matched cohort study included 54 children with rapid myopia progression during initial DIMS lens wear. We matched 27 children receiving adjunctive 0.05% atropine with 27 children who continued DIMS monotherapy by age, sex, axial length, and spherical equivalent refraction (SER). A pre-intervention observation period of approximately 6 months was used to identify children with rapid axial elongation during initial DIMS monotherapy, followed by an approximately 12-month intervention period to compare progression outcomes between groups. Statistical analyses included t tests, chi-square tests, analysis of covariance, and multivariable linear regression. Results Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. During the pre-intervention phase, the time-normalized axial elongation rate was similar between the monotherapy and combination groups (0.47 ± 0.03 vs. 0.54 ± 0.03 mm/year, P = 0.170), whereas the combination group showed greater myopic SER progression than the monotherapy group (− 0.98 ± 0.10 vs. − 0.61 ± 0.11 D/year, P = 0.016). During the intervention phase, after adjustment for the corresponding pre-intervention progression rate, the adjusted axial elongation rate was lower in the combination group than in the monotherapy group (0.12 ± 0.04 vs. 0.31 ± 0.04 mm/year, P = 0.001), as was SER progression (− 0.19 ± 0.08 vs. − 0.55 ± 0.08 D/year, P = 0.001). Conclusions In children with rapid myopia progression during DIMS lens treatment, adjunctive 0.05% atropine was associated with a lower axial elongation rate and slower SER progression than continued DIMS monotherapy. These findings support further prospective evaluation of this treatment strategy.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{xu2026adjunctive,
  title = {{Adjunctive 0.05% Atropine for Children with Continued Rapid Myopia Progression During Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacle Lens Treatment: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study}},
  author = {QingLin Xu and Minsong Xue and Hong Liu and WenYu Gao and Haiying Zhu and Yuwen Ran and Hong Zhong and Longbo Wen and Zhikuan Yang},
  journal = {Ophthalmology and Therapy},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1007/s40123-026-01492-0},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-026-01492-0},
  note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adjunctive 0.05% Atropine for Children with Continued Rapid Myopia Progression During Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacle Lens Treatment: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study
AU  - QingLin Xu
AU  - Minsong Xue
AU  - Hong Liu
AU  - WenYu Gao
AU  - Haiying Zhu
AU  - Yuwen Ran
AU  - Hong Zhong
AU  - Longbo Wen
AU  - Zhikuan Yang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/01
JO  - Ophthalmology and Therapy
DO  - 10.1007/s40123-026-01492-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-026-01492-0
AB  - Introduction Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses slow myopia progression, but some children continue to experience rapid axial elongation despite treatment. This study evaluated whether adjunctive 0.05% atropine was associated with additional myopia control in children with an insufficient response to DIMS monotherapy. Methods This retrospective matched cohort study included 54 children with rapid myopia progression during initial DIMS lens wear. We matched 27 children receiving adjunctive 0.05% atropine with 27 children who continued DIMS monotherapy by age, sex, axial length, and spherical equivalent refraction (SER). A pre-intervention observation period of approximately 6 months was used to identify children with rapid axial elongation during initial DIMS monotherapy, followed by an approximately 12-month intervention period to compare progression outcomes between groups. Statistical analyses included t tests, chi-square tests, analysis of covariance, and multivariable linear regression. Results Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. During the pre-intervention phase, the time-normalized axial elongation rate was similar between the monotherapy and combination groups (0.47 ± 0.03 vs. 0.54 ± 0.03 mm/year, P = 0.170), whereas the combination group showed greater myopic SER progression than the monotherapy group (− 0.98 ± 0.10 vs. − 0.61 ± 0.11 D/year, P = 0.016). During the intervention phase, after adjustment for the corresponding pre-intervention progression rate, the adjusted axial elongation rate was lower in the combination group than in the monotherapy group (0.12 ± 0.04 vs. 0.31 ± 0.04 mm/year, P = 0.001), as was SER progression (− 0.19 ± 0.08 vs. − 0.55 ± 0.08 D/year, P = 0.001). Conclusions In children with rapid myopia progression during DIMS lens treatment, adjunctive 0.05% atropine was associated with a lower axial elongation rate and slower SER progression than continued DIMS monotherapy. These findings support further prospective evaluation of this treatment strategy.
SN  - 2193-8245
SN  - 2193-6528
ER  -