Effectiveness of Native and Enhanced Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Assessed in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis
- 1Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- 2“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- 3Department of Neurology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 258 Fundeni Street, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV) preparations have emerged as potentially useful therapeutic tools for various inflammatory or neurodegenerative CNS disorders. Compared to mesenchymal stem cell preparations, they feature enhanced blood–brain barrier permeability and access to injured brain tissue, and better quality assessment and dosing options. A particular case where such therapies may prove beneficial is multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease likely triggered by cross-reactivity with some viral antigens, producing an extended demyelinating encephalomyelitis with multiple patchy lesions. Several animal models of MS have been developed, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) via injection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35–55, inoculation with Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), and the Cuprizone model. Via literature search we retrieved 24 experimental studies on rodent (rat or mouse) MS models with therapeutic administration of native or enhanced EV preparations suitable for this meta-analysis. We found statistically significant mean differences between experimental and control groups for clinical scores (normalized to a 0–5 scale) (−1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−1.49,−0.93] (native EVs); −1.67, CI [−2.28,−1.05] (enhanced EVs)), for pathological scores of inflammation and demyelination, and for several molecular markers of inflammation and myelin repair. These results point to the need for clinical translation of the encouraging preliminary results obtained using such MS animal models.
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BibTeX
@article{magercu2026effectiveness,
title = {{Effectiveness of Native and Enhanced Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Assessed in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis}},
author = {Melania Magercu and Violeta Ristoiu and Bogdan Amuzescu and Adriana Octaviana Dulămea},
journal = {Biomolecules},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/biom16101454},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/10/1454},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Effectiveness of Native and Enhanced Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Assessed in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis
AU - Melania Magercu
AU - Violeta Ristoiu
AU - Bogdan Amuzescu
AU - Adriana Octaviana Dulămea
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Biomolecules
DO - 10.3390/biom16101454
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/10/1454
AB - Extracellular vesicle (EV) preparations have emerged as potentially useful therapeutic tools for various inflammatory or neurodegenerative CNS disorders. Compared to mesenchymal stem cell preparations, they feature enhanced blood–brain barrier permeability and access to injured brain tissue, and better quality assessment and dosing options. A particular case where such therapies may prove beneficial is multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease likely triggered by cross-reactivity with some viral antigens, producing an extended demyelinating encephalomyelitis with multiple patchy lesions. Several animal models of MS have been developed, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) via injection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35–55, inoculation with Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), and the Cuprizone model. Via literature search we retrieved 24 experimental studies on rodent (rat or mouse) MS models with therapeutic administration of native or enhanced EV preparations suitable for this meta-analysis. We found statistically significant mean differences between experimental and control groups for clinical scores (normalized to a 0–5 scale) (−1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−1.49,−0.93] (native EVs); −1.67, CI [−2.28,−1.05] (enhanced EVs)), for pathological scores of inflammation and demyelination, and for several molecular markers of inflammation and myelin repair. These results point to the need for clinical translation of the encouraging preliminary results obtained using such MS animal models.
SN - 2218-273X
ER -