Phthalates: the interplay between diet, obesity, diabetes, and gut microbiota.
- 1Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Abstract
Millions of tons of plastic are produced worldwide each year. Currently, it is almost impossible to avoid plastic and exposure to its effects. There are many chemical compounds that are used in its production. Some of them, classified as plasticizers, are phthalates, which are found in food packaging, toys, and many cosmetics. They give plastics durability, flexibility, and heat resistance. Humanity is exposed to these substances primarily through ingestion, i.e., processed food and its storage, and through inhalation of polluted air. Consequently, phthalates and their metabolites can be detected in the human body. Due to their ubiquity, they pose a global threat to human health. They contribute to overweight and obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and disorders of the nervous and endocrine systems. The purpose of this article was to review existing research on the impact of phthalates on diet, the development of obesity, and diabetes.
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BibTeX
@article{czaczkowska2026phthalates,
title = {{Phthalates: the interplay between diet, obesity, diabetes, and gut microbiota.}},
author = {Luiza Czaczkowska and Natalia Radziwon and Klaudia Sikorska and Edyta Olkowska and Ewa Jabłońska and Wioletta Ratajczak-Wrona},
journal = {Frontiers in toxicology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/ftox.2026.1941846},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42908771},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Phthalates: the interplay between diet, obesity, diabetes, and gut microbiota.
AU - Luiza Czaczkowska
AU - Natalia Radziwon
AU - Klaudia Sikorska
AU - Edyta Olkowska
AU - Ewa Jabłońska
AU - Wioletta Ratajczak-Wrona
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
JO - Frontiers in toxicology
DO - 10.3389/ftox.2026.1941846
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42908771
AB - Millions of tons of plastic are produced worldwide each year. Currently, it is almost impossible to avoid plastic and exposure to its effects. There are many chemical compounds that are used in its production. Some of them, classified as plasticizers, are phthalates, which are found in food packaging, toys, and many cosmetics. They give plastics durability, flexibility, and heat resistance. Humanity is exposed to these substances primarily through ingestion, i.e., processed food and its storage, and through inhalation of polluted air. Consequently, phthalates and their metabolites can be detected in the human body. Due to their ubiquity, they pose a global threat to human health. They contribute to overweight and obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and disorders of the nervous and endocrine systems. The purpose of this article was to review existing research on the impact of phthalates on diet, the development of obesity, and diabetes.
SN - 2673-3080
ER -