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Peer-reviewedCC BYEnvironmental Science and Ecotechnology

Molecular oxygen confinement ladder enables stable electro-Fenton treatment of nanofiltration concentrate

  • Yufei Cheng1
  • Mengzhuang Yang1
  • Yuchen Hu1
  • Peng Liu1
  • Weichen Zeng2
  • Xiaohang Han1
  • Tianyi Wang1
  • Langming Bai1
  • Jinlong Wang1
  • Han Zhang3
  • Xiaoguang Duan4
  • Heng Liang3
4 affiliations
  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Urban-Rural Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
  2. 2School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, PR China
  3. 3State Key Laboratory of Urban-Rural Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China; Corresponding author.
  4. 4School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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Abstract

Clean water scarcity intensifies the need for advanced treatment of emerging contaminants in nanofiltration (NF) concentrates. Conventional electro-Fenton (EF) systems face unstable oxygen supply and electrode wetting in bubbleless aeration, limiting selective reactive oxygen species generation in high-salinity matrices. Here we show a molecular oxygen confinement ladder strategy by developing a conductive aeration membrane cathode in which boron nitride spontaneously forms wedge-shaped structures inside carbon nanotubes. This architecture achieves kinetic antiwetting and physical oxygen confinement at the nanoscale, accelerating Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycling and directing the pathway to dominant singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) generation. Experiments and simulations demonstrate fivefold faster degradation kinetics, complete sulfamethoxazole removal within 15 min, and sustained high efficiency over 48 h of continuous operation, including a switch to real NF concentrate. The structure-oriented gas confinement approach thus offers a robust platform for selective and stable EF treatment of complex industrial wastewater.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{cheng2026molecular,
  title = {{Molecular oxygen confinement ladder enables stable electro-Fenton treatment of nanofiltration concentrate}},
  author = {Yufei Cheng and Mengzhuang Yang and Yuchen Hu and Peng Liu and Weichen Zeng and Xiaohang Han and Tianyi Wang and Langming Bai and Jinlong Wang and Han Zhang and Xiaoguang Duan and Heng Liang},
  journal = {Environmental Science and Ecotechnology},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1016/j.ese.2026.100749},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2026.100749},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular oxygen confinement ladder enables stable electro-Fenton treatment of nanofiltration concentrate
AU  - Yufei Cheng
AU  - Mengzhuang Yang
AU  - Yuchen Hu
AU  - Peng Liu
AU  - Weichen Zeng
AU  - Xiaohang Han
AU  - Tianyi Wang
AU  - Langming Bai
AU  - Jinlong Wang
AU  - Han Zhang
AU  - Xiaoguang Duan
AU  - Heng Liang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/01
JO  - Environmental Science and Ecotechnology
DO  - 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100749
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ese.2026.100749
AB  - Clean water scarcity intensifies the need for advanced treatment of emerging contaminants in nanofiltration (NF) concentrates. Conventional electro-Fenton (EF) systems face unstable oxygen supply and electrode wetting in bubbleless aeration, limiting selective reactive oxygen species generation in high-salinity matrices. Here we show a molecular oxygen confinement ladder strategy by developing a conductive aeration membrane cathode in which boron nitride spontaneously forms wedge-shaped structures inside carbon nanotubes. This architecture achieves kinetic antiwetting and physical oxygen confinement at the nanoscale, accelerating Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycling and directing the pathway to dominant singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) generation. Experiments and simulations demonstrate fivefold faster degradation kinetics, complete sulfamethoxazole removal within 15 min, and sustained high efficiency over 48 h of continuous operation, including a switch to real NF concentrate. The structure-oriented gas confinement approach thus offers a robust platform for selective and stable EF treatment of complex industrial wastewater.
SN  - 2666-4984
ER  -