Bletilla striata-derived extracellular vesicles armed probiotic by supramolecular assembly ameliorates colitis via macrophage modulation and microbiota restoration.
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- 2Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital (Changhai Hospital), Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- 3Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital (Changhai Hospital), Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China. [email protected].
- 4Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital (Changhai Hospital), Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China. [email protected].
- 5Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital (Changhai Hospital), Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China. [email protected].
Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents major global health challenges, but current treatments often are limited by efficacy loss, infection risks, and disruption of gut homeostasis. Novel therapies are needed to actively promote mucosal repair and restore immune balance.Results
This study develops a nano-biotherapeutic by conjugating extracellular vesicles derived from Bletilla striata (BEVs) with the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) via supramolecular assembly. BEVs contained protocatechualdehyde as a key bioactive metabolite to suppress M1 macrophage polarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. EcN@BEVs treatment significantly restored epithelial barrier integrity with the upregulated expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, and reversed microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio. single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and invasion-adhesion-directed expression sequencing (INVADE-seq) analyses confirmed that EcN@BEVs promoted a shift from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotypes and reduced intracellular bacterial invasion.Conclusions
The EcN@BEVs complex demonstrates significant therapeutic potential for colitis through a multi-faceted mechanism involving enhanced probiotic delivery, direct anti-inflammatory action, gut microbiota restoration, and mucosal immunity reprogramming. This study presents a promising integrated nanotherapeutic strategy for IBD treatment under cross-species collaboration.
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BibTeX
@article{hou2026bletilla,
title = {{Bletilla striata-derived extracellular vesicles armed probiotic by supramolecular assembly ameliorates colitis via macrophage modulation and microbiota restoration.}},
author = {Weiliang Hou and Kaiwen Sheng and Minxin Gao and Bing Liu and Hao Wang and Xu Li and Yunjie Shi},
journal = {Journal of nanobiotechnology},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.1186/s12951-026-04866-5},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958511},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Bletilla striata-derived extracellular vesicles armed probiotic by supramolecular assembly ameliorates colitis via macrophage modulation and microbiota restoration.
AU - Weiliang Hou
AU - Kaiwen Sheng
AU - Minxin Gao
AU - Bing Liu
AU - Hao Wang
AU - Xu Li
AU - Yunjie Shi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/01
JO - Journal of nanobiotechnology
DO - 10.1186/s12951-026-04866-5
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958511
AB - Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents major global health challenges, but current treatments often are limited by efficacy loss, infection risks, and disruption of gut homeostasis. Novel therapies are needed to actively promote mucosal repair and restore immune balance.Results This study develops a nano-biotherapeutic by conjugating extracellular vesicles derived from Bletilla striata (BEVs) with the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) via supramolecular assembly. BEVs contained protocatechualdehyde as a key bioactive metabolite to suppress M1 macrophage polarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. EcN@BEVs treatment significantly restored epithelial barrier integrity with the upregulated expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, and reversed microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio. single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and invasion-adhesion-directed expression sequencing (INVADE-seq) analyses confirmed that EcN@BEVs promoted a shift from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotypes and reduced intracellular bacterial invasion.Conclusions The EcN@BEVs complex demonstrates significant therapeutic potential for colitis through a multi-faceted mechanism involving enhanced probiotic delivery, direct anti-inflammatory action, gut microbiota restoration, and mucosal immunity reprogramming. This study presents a promising integrated nanotherapeutic strategy for IBD treatment under cross-species collaboration.
SN - 1477-3155
ER -