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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Molecules

Impact of Sample Storage Conditions on Phenolic Profiles of Commercial Wines Assessed by UHPLC-HRMS: Implications for Analytical Reproducibility

  • Nahikari Prevost1,2,3
  • Alan Jamain1
  • Emanuele Boselli2,3
  • Tristan Richard1,4
  • Josep Valls Fonayet1,4
4 affiliations
  1. 1UMR 1366 OENO, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, INRAE, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
  2. 2Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
  3. 3Oenolab, NOI Techpark Alto Adige/Südtirol, Via A. Volta 13A, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
  4. 4Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Abstract

Metabolomic approaches for wine analysis provide multiple data points for determining quality and traceability. However, sample storage is a major bottleneck and can strongly affect wine composition. We aliquoted wine samples into small tubes and stored them under 4 different conditions (room temperature, +4 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C). We tracked wine polyphenol composition over two years using targeted HPLC-HRMS. We established the need for reliable quality controls kept at −80 °C to correct batch effects during the study. We observed a general stability trend: phenolic acids > flavonols > flavanols > stilbenes. However, each class showed specific behaviours. As expected, −20 °C and −80 °C were the best conditions and were nearly equivalent, while room temperature caused rapid degradation of almost all polyphenols. Interestingly, we could find satisfactory stability for most polyphenols at +4 °C after 6 months. This was confirmed by assessing the ability to discriminate wines by cultivar. After 24 months of storage, we observed no discrimination for samples kept at room temperature. Our results improve the understanding of how wine storage affects metabolomic studies when samples cannot be collected and analysed simultaneously.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{prevost2026impact,
  title = {{Impact of Sample Storage Conditions on Phenolic Profiles of Commercial Wines Assessed by UHPLC-HRMS: Implications for Analytical Reproducibility}},
  author = {Nahikari Prevost and Alan Jamain and Emanuele Boselli and Tristan Richard and Josep Valls Fonayet},
  journal = {Molecules},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/molecules31213867},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/21/3867},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of Sample Storage Conditions on Phenolic Profiles of Commercial Wines Assessed by UHPLC-HRMS: Implications for Analytical Reproducibility
AU  - Nahikari Prevost
AU  - Alan Jamain
AU  - Emanuele Boselli
AU  - Tristan Richard
AU  - Josep Valls Fonayet
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/27
JO  - Molecules
DO  - 10.3390/molecules31213867
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/21/3867
AB  - Metabolomic approaches for wine analysis provide multiple data points for determining quality and traceability. However, sample storage is a major bottleneck and can strongly affect wine composition. We aliquoted wine samples into small tubes and stored them under 4 different conditions (room temperature, +4 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C). We tracked wine polyphenol composition over two years using targeted HPLC-HRMS. We established the need for reliable quality controls kept at −80 °C to correct batch effects during the study. We observed a general stability trend: phenolic acids > flavonols > flavanols > stilbenes. However, each class showed specific behaviours. As expected, −20 °C and −80 °C were the best conditions and were nearly equivalent, while room temperature caused rapid degradation of almost all polyphenols. Interestingly, we could find satisfactory stability for most polyphenols at +4 °C after 6 months. This was confirmed by assessing the ability to discriminate wines by cultivar. After 24 months of storage, we observed no discrimination for samples kept at room temperature. Our results improve the understanding of how wine storage affects metabolomic studies when samples cannot be collected and analysed simultaneously.
SN  - 1420-3049
ER  -