Glucose Dispersion Is Associated With Contrast Sensitivity Beyond Average Glycemia
- 1Wayne State University
Abstract
BackgroundHbA1c and mean glucose summarize average glycemia but do not capture glucose dispersion. Whether free-living glucose dispersion is associated with visual function beyond average glycemia remains unclear.
AimTo determine whether glucose dispersion is associated with mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity independently of HbA1c and contemporaneous CGM mean glucose.
MethodsWe analyzed 2,218 AI-READI participants with continuous glucose monitoring and visual-function data. Glucose dispersion was represented primarily by mean absolute deviation from mean glucose (AAD), and associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression.
ResultsHigher AAD was associated with lower mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity after adjustment for age and HbA1c ({beta} = -0.188 and -0.165; P = 1.28 x 10-{superscript 1}{superscript 1} and 8.55 x 10-) and after adjustment for age and CGM mean glucose ({beta} = -0.221 and -0.195; P = 4.84 x 10-{superscript 1}3 and 5.66 x 10-{superscript 1}). Associations persisted with additional adjustment and sensitivity analyses; glucose SD yielded concordant results.
ConclusionGlucose dispersion is associated with contrast sensitivity beyond average glycemia, suggesting that glycemic exposure may relate to visual function through its average level and dispersion.
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BibTeX
@misc{zhang2026glucose,
title = {{Glucose Dispersion Is Associated With Contrast Sensitivity Beyond Average Glycemia}},
author = {R. Zhang},
howpublished = {medRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.64898/2026.09.08.26362509},
url = {https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.08.26362509v1},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Glucose Dispersion Is Associated With Contrast Sensitivity Beyond Average Glycemia
AU - R. Zhang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/08
PB - medRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.09.08.26362509
UR - https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.08.26362509v1
AB - BackgroundHbA1c and mean glucose summarize average glycemia but do not capture glucose dispersion. Whether free-living glucose dispersion is associated with visual function beyond average glycemia remains unclear. AimTo determine whether glucose dispersion is associated with mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity independently of HbA1c and contemporaneous CGM mean glucose. MethodsWe analyzed 2,218 AI-READI participants with continuous glucose monitoring and visual-function data. Glucose dispersion was represented primarily by mean absolute deviation from mean glucose (AAD), and associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression. ResultsHigher AAD was associated with lower mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity after adjustment for age and HbA1c ({beta} = -0.188 and -0.165; P = 1.28 x 10-{superscript 1}{superscript 1} and 8.55 x 10-) and after adjustment for age and CGM mean glucose ({beta} = -0.221 and -0.195; P = 4.84 x 10-{superscript 1}3 and 5.66 x 10-{superscript 1}). Associations persisted with additional adjustment and sensitivity analyses; glucose SD yielded concordant results. ConclusionGlucose dispersion is associated with contrast sensitivity beyond average glycemia, suggesting that glycemic exposure may relate to visual function through its average level and dispersion.
ER -