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Peer-reviewedCC BYDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

Comparative study of the direct and photocatalytic light activation of platinum(IV) prodrugs.

  • Kinjal Mileche1
  • Susana M Meza Huaman1
  • Ke Wu1
  • Jake A Vickery1
  • Hannah Coxhead1,2
  • Alexander N Smith-Xu1
  • Patricia Juhl Allworthy1
  • Jovana Katrinka-Mavrak3
  • Aminesena Baser4
  • Safacan Kolemen5
  • Manuel M Müller1
  • Mahvash Tavassoli2
4 more authors
  • Ismael Diez-Perez1
  • Eleanor Stride3
  • John F Callan6
  • Adam C Sedgwick1
6 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Chemistry, King's College London, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK. [email protected].
  2. 2Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, SE1 1UL, London, UK.
  3. 3Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Sciences, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK.
  4. 4Graduate School of Health Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey.
  5. 5Department of Chemistry, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye.
  6. 6Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK. [email protected].
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Abstract

Here, we present a comparative study of direct and photocatalyst-mediated photoactivation of reporter-functionalised Pt(IV) prodrugs, Carbo-4NP and CarboNap. Direct blue-light irradiation and green-light activation using the photocatalyst Rose Bengal both achieved rapid and complete Pt(IV) reduction in solution, monitored by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Translation to live cells revealed a marked divergence between the two approaches. Direct blue light (415 nm) photoactivation produced >300-fold enhancement in fluorescence intensities upon probe activation and >10-fold in cytotoxicity. Photocatalytic activation was considerably less effective in cells despite its excellent solution-phase performance. These findings identify direct photoactivation as the superior strategy for intracellular activation of Pt(IV) prodrugs and support the further development of direct light-activated platinum therapeutics.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{mileche2026comparative,
  title = {{Comparative study of the direct and photocatalytic light activation of platinum(IV) prodrugs.}},
  author = {Kinjal Mileche and Susana M Meza Huaman and Ke Wu and Jake A Vickery and Hannah Coxhead and Alexander N Smith-Xu and Patricia Juhl Allworthy and Jovana Katrinka-Mavrak and Aminesena Baser and Safacan Kolemen and Manuel M Müller and Mahvash Tavassoli and Ismael Diez-Perez and Eleanor Stride and John F Callan and Adam C Sedgwick},
  journal = {Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1039/d6dt01745b},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42895112},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative study of the direct and photocatalytic light activation of platinum(IV) prodrugs.
AU  - Kinjal Mileche
AU  - Susana M Meza Huaman
AU  - Ke Wu
AU  - Jake A Vickery
AU  - Hannah Coxhead
AU  - Alexander N Smith-Xu
AU  - Patricia Juhl Allworthy
AU  - Jovana Katrinka-Mavrak
AU  - Aminesena Baser
AU  - Safacan Kolemen
AU  - Manuel M Müller
AU  - Mahvash Tavassoli
AU  - Ismael Diez-Perez
AU  - Eleanor Stride
AU  - John F Callan
AU  - Adam C Sedgwick
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/19
JO  - Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
DO  - 10.1039/d6dt01745b
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42895112
AB  - Here, we present a comparative study of direct and photocatalyst-mediated photoactivation of reporter-functionalised Pt(IV) prodrugs, Carbo-4NP and CarboNap. Direct blue-light irradiation and green-light activation using the photocatalyst Rose Bengal both achieved rapid and complete Pt(IV) reduction in solution, monitored by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Translation to live cells revealed a marked divergence between the two approaches. Direct blue light (415 nm) photoactivation produced >300-fold enhancement in fluorescence intensities upon probe activation and >10-fold in cytotoxicity. Photocatalytic activation was considerably less effective in cells despite its excellent solution-phase performance. These findings identify direct photoactivation as the superior strategy for intracellular activation of Pt(IV) prodrugs and support the further development of direct light-activated platinum therapeutics.
SN  - 1477-9226
SN  - 1477-9234
ER  -