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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Scientific Data

A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1789) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a Global Pest of Stored Grains

  • Yehua Li1,2
  • Qingchun Li1
  • Qi Fang3
  • Zhichao Yan1
  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
  2. 2Research Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 China
  3. 3State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding & Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Ecological Regulation of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
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Abstract

Sitotroga cerealella, commonly known as the Angoumois grain moth, is a highly destructive, cosmopolitan pest affecting stored cereal grains worldwide. Despite its economic importance, high-quality genomic resources for this species have been lacking, hindering advanced molecular studies aimed at developing effective control strategies. Here, we present a highly contiguous, chromosome-level reference genome assembly for male S. cerealella using a multi-platform sequencing approach combining Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) ultra-long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C chromatin interaction data. The final assembly, which lacks the female-specific W chromosome, achieved a total size of 325.99 Mb and was anchored into 30 pseudochromosomes, representing an anchoring rate of 99.89%. The assembly continuity is exceptionally high, with a Scaffold N50 of 12.046 Mb, approaching telomere-to-telomere (T2T) completion for many chromosomes. Comprehensive structural and functional annotation, supported by multi-stage RNA-seq data, identified 13,840 protein-coding genes and revealed that 40.81% of the genome consists of repetitive elements. Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) analysis confirmed the high quality and completeness, achieving a score of 99.7% (Insecta). This high-quality genomic resource provides a critical foundation for studying the molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance, detoxification metabolism, and sustainable pest management of this destructive stored-grain pest.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{li2026chromosomelevel,
  title = {{A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1789) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a Global Pest of Stored Grains}},
  author = {Yehua Li and Qingchun Li and Qi Fang and Zhichao Yan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-026-07826-8},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07826-8},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1789) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a Global Pest of Stored Grains
AU  - Yehua Li
AU  - Qingchun Li
AU  - Qi Fang
AU  - Zhichao Yan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/07
JO  - Scientific Data
DO  - 10.1038/s41597-026-07826-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07826-8
AB  - Sitotroga cerealella, commonly known as the Angoumois grain moth, is a highly destructive, cosmopolitan pest affecting stored cereal grains worldwide. Despite its economic importance, high-quality genomic resources for this species have been lacking, hindering advanced molecular studies aimed at developing effective control strategies. Here, we present a highly contiguous, chromosome-level reference genome assembly for male S. cerealella using a multi-platform sequencing approach combining Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) ultra-long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C chromatin interaction data. The final assembly, which lacks the female-specific W chromosome, achieved a total size of 325.99 Mb and was anchored into 30 pseudochromosomes, representing an anchoring rate of 99.89%. The assembly continuity is exceptionally high, with a Scaffold N50 of 12.046 Mb, approaching telomere-to-telomere (T2T) completion for many chromosomes. Comprehensive structural and functional annotation, supported by multi-stage RNA-seq data, identified 13,840 protein-coding genes and revealed that 40.81% of the genome consists of repetitive elements. Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) analysis confirmed the high quality and completeness, achieving a score of 99.7% (Insecta). This high-quality genomic resource provides a critical foundation for studying the molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance, detoxification metabolism, and sustainable pest management of this destructive stored-grain pest.
SN  - 2052-4463
ER  -