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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Multi-messenger and multi-band signal from first-order phase transitions in proto-neutron stars

  • Christian Ecker
  • Mauro Giliberti
  • Luciano Rezzolla
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Abstract

A first-order phase transition (PT) alters a compact star on two scales: globally, via growth of a quark-matter core, and microscopically, via collision of quark bubbles, driving a simultaneous gravitational-wave (GW) emission in the kHz and MHz bands. Using a constrained ensemble of model-agnostic equations of state, we follow the accretion-driven evolution of proto-neutron stars through the PT and compute the resulting multi-band GW signal. The correlations found between the kHz emission and the MHz burst could help constrain nuclear matter and the physics of the PT. A delayed neutrino burst should accompany the signal, with the delay set by the details of the PT, thus providing a prime multi-messenger source.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{ecker2026multimessenger,
  title = {{Multi-messenger and multi-band signal from first-order phase transitions in proto-neutron stars}},
  author = {Christian Ecker and Mauro Giliberti and Luciano Rezzolla},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.29761},
  eprint = {2609.29761},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29761},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Multi-messenger and multi-band signal from first-order phase transitions in proto-neutron stars
AU  - Christian Ecker
AU  - Mauro Giliberti
AU  - Luciano Rezzolla
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/24
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.29761
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29761
AB  - A first-order phase transition (PT) alters a compact star on two scales: globally, via growth of a quark-matter core, and microscopically, via collision of quark bubbles, driving a simultaneous gravitational-wave (GW) emission in the kHz and MHz bands. Using a constrained ensemble of model-agnostic equations of state, we follow the accretion-driven evolution of proto-neutron stars through the PT and compute the resulting multi-band GW signal. The correlations found between the kHz emission and the MHz burst could help constrain nuclear matter and the physics of the PT. A delayed neutrino burst should accompany the signal, with the delay set by the details of the PT, thus providing a prime multi-messenger source.
ER  -