Extraplatelet Molecule Enrichment Enhances the Ability of Platelet-Rich Plasma Releasate to Buffer IL-1β-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in a Primary Human Chondrocyte–Synoviocyte Co-Culture In Vitro System of Osteoarthritis

@article{marijuanpinel2026extraplatelet,
  title = {{Extraplatelet Molecule Enrichment Enhances the Ability of Platelet-Rich Plasma Releasate to Buffer IL-1β-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in a Primary Human Chondrocyte–Synoviocyte Co-Culture In Vitro System of Osteoarthritis}},
  author = {Daniel Marijuán-Pinel and Jon Mercader-Ruiz and Xabier Sansinanea and Pello Sánchez and Renato Andrade and João Espregueira-Mendes and Leonor López de Dicastillo and Diego Delgado and Mikel Sánchez},
  journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/ijms27208950},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/8950},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extraplatelet Molecule Enrichment Enhances the Ability of Platelet-Rich Plasma Releasate to Buffer IL-1β-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in a Primary Human Chondrocyte–Synoviocyte Co-Culture In Vitro System of Osteoarthritis
AU  - Daniel Marijuán-Pinel
AU  - Jon Mercader-Ruiz
AU  - Xabier Sansinanea
AU  - Pello Sánchez
AU  - Renato Andrade
AU  - João Espregueira-Mendes
AU  - Leonor López de Dicastillo
AU  - Diego Delgado
AU  - Mikel Sánchez
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/09
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO  - 10.3390/ijms27208950
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/8950
AB  - To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of standard platelet-rich plasma (sPRP) and balanced protein-concentrate plasma (BPCP), which is a next-generation formulation enriched in platelet-derived and extraplatelet bioactive molecules, in an indirect co-culture model of primary human chondrocytes (hCh) and synoviocytes (hSv) under IL-1β-induced inflammatory conditions. hCh and hSv were co-cultured in a transwell system (indirect co-culture) and stimulated with IL-1β (10 ng/mL) for 48 h in the presence of 10% sPRP, 10% BPCP, or serum-free medium (SF). Gene expression in hCh was analyzed by RT-qPCR for inflammatory mediators, NF-κB pathway genes, matrix-degrading enzymes and apoptosis markers. Cytokine and MMP secretion in supernatants were quantified by Luminex assay, and intracellular ROS levels were measured in hSv and hCh direct co-culture by DCFDA fluorescence after 4 h of incubation with PRP previously exposed for 24 h to IL-1β. Both sPRP and BPCP significantly reduced MCP-1 (p = 0.02) and BCL-2 expression (p < 0.0001) versus SF. Both formulations also decreased secretion of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 compared to SF. BPCP showed greater reductions in IL-6 and MCP-1 compared with sPRP. MMP-7 and MMP-9 secretion increased under both PRP conditions, consistent with tissue remodeling activity. Both formulations significantly reduced intracellular ROS levels measured by DCFDA fluorescence, with a stronger effect observed for BPCP. sPRP and BPCP exerted consistent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in a multicellular simulated osteoarthritic in vitro model. BPCP demonstrated enhanced protein-level regulation in certain markers, suggesting that enrichment in extraplatelet molecules may improve PRP efficacy.
SN  - 1422-0067
ER  -