Yixintai granules enhance glucose and lipid metabolism after ischemic heart failure by regulating inflammatory factors via the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
7 affiliations
- 1Cardiovascular Medicine Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- 2Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- 4School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
- 5Department of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, The Affiliated Aerospace Hospital of Hunan Normal University
- 6Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- 7School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine
Abstract
Background: Ischemic heart failure (IHF) severely impacts patients’ quality of life and leads to frequent hospitalizations, increased healthcare costs, and increased mortality rates, thus posing a substantial global health challenge. Myocardial ischemia is a primary trigger of HF. Yixintai granules (YXT), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, have demonstrated clinical benefits in HF treatment; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Methods: The components of YXT absorbed into the blood were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The key regulatory mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects on HF were clarified using network pharmacology, and the binding affinity of key YXT components to proteins associated with the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway was assessed through molecular docking. In vivo experiments involved the establishment of an HF rat model through the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. In vitro experiments utilized an H9C2 cell injury model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which was subsequently treated with YXT-containing serum.
Results: UHPLC-MS/MS analysis identified 2,581 active components in the YXT and 1,055 active components in the YXT-containing serum. Network pharmacology indicated that the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines mediated by the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway and glucolipid metabolic disorders may significantly contribute to the anti-HF effects of YXT. Subsequent in vivo experiments revealed that YXT enhanced cardiac function, reduced myocardial fibrosis, and improved mitochondrial morphology in HF rats. Additionally, it lowered inflammatory cytokine levels and was associated with altered glucose and lipid metabolic profiles and inhibition of the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In vitro experiments revealed that YXT-containing serum alleviated LPS-induced H9c2 cardiac cell injury, reduced reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokine levels, and was associated with altered glucose and lipid metabolic profiles and inhibition of the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Conclusion: YXT improved cardiac function and attenuated fibrosis and ultrastructural damage in IHF rats, with effects associated with LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling inhibition, reduced inflammation, and altered glucose/lipid metabolic profiles.
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BibTeX
@article{wang2026yixintai,
title = {{Yixintai granules enhance glucose and lipid metabolism after ischemic heart failure by regulating inflammatory factors via the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway}},
author = {Ziyan Wang and Chengxin Liu and Jiaming Wei and Yiwen Mao and Hui Yuan and Min Shi and Ruifang Lin and Zehui Ding and Yinli Zhou and Zhihua Guo and Jinwen Ge and Yun Long and Ya Li},
journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2026.1984202},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1984202/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Yixintai granules enhance glucose and lipid metabolism after ischemic heart failure by regulating inflammatory factors via the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
AU - Ziyan Wang
AU - Chengxin Liu
AU - Jiaming Wei
AU - Yiwen Mao
AU - Hui Yuan
AU - Min Shi
AU - Ruifang Lin
AU - Zehui Ding
AU - Yinli Zhou
AU - Zhihua Guo
AU - Jinwen Ge
AU - Yun Long
AU - Ya Li
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
JO - Frontiers in Immunology
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1984202
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1984202/full
AB - Background: Ischemic heart failure (IHF) severely impacts patients’ quality of life and leads to frequent hospitalizations, increased healthcare costs, and increased mortality rates, thus posing a substantial global health challenge. Myocardial ischemia is a primary trigger of HF. Yixintai granules (YXT), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, have demonstrated clinical benefits in HF treatment; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: The components of YXT absorbed into the blood were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The key regulatory mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects on HF were clarified using network pharmacology, and the binding affinity of key YXT components to proteins associated with the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway was assessed through molecular docking. In vivo experiments involved the establishment of an HF rat model through the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. In vitro experiments utilized an H9C2 cell injury model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which was subsequently treated with YXT-containing serum. Results: UHPLC-MS/MS analysis identified 2,581 active components in the YXT and 1,055 active components in the YXT-containing serum. Network pharmacology indicated that the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines mediated by the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway and glucolipid metabolic disorders may significantly contribute to the anti-HF effects of YXT. Subsequent in vivo experiments revealed that YXT enhanced cardiac function, reduced myocardial fibrosis, and improved mitochondrial morphology in HF rats. Additionally, it lowered inflammatory cytokine levels and was associated with altered glucose and lipid metabolic profiles and inhibition of the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In vitro experiments revealed that YXT-containing serum alleviated LPS-induced H9c2 cardiac cell injury, reduced reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokine levels, and was associated with altered glucose and lipid metabolic profiles and inhibition of the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion: YXT improved cardiac function and attenuated fibrosis and ultrastructural damage in IHF rats, with effects associated with LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling inhibition, reduced inflammation, and altered glucose/lipid metabolic profiles.
SN - 1664-3224
ER -