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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC 4.0BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care

Thiamine deficiency in outpatients at a regional cancer centre in Japan: cross-sectional observational study

  • Akira Yoshioka1
  • Mayumi Ishida2
  • Nozomu Uchida3
  • Hideki Onishi4
  • Izumi Sato5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Medical Oncology and Palliative Care, Mitsubishi Kyoto Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
  2. 2Departments of Psycho-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
  3. 3Department of Supportive Care Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
  4. 4Departments of Psycho-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
  5. 5Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Abstract

Objective: To examine the prevalence of thiamine deficiency and its potential risk factors in cancer outpatients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of cancer outpatients aged ≥20 years at a regional hospital in Kyoto, Japan (January–February 2022). Thiamine deficiency was defined as ≤23 ng/mL by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for potential risk factors for thiamine deficiency.

Results: A total of 106 patients were included in this study (mean age 68.3 years, 61% female). Of the 106 patients, 27 (25.5%) had low thiamine levels despite the absence of recognised deficiency symptoms. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the adjusted OR was 4.05 (95% CI 0.88 to 18.60).

Conclusions: The prevalence of thiamine deficiency was 25.5% among cancer outpatients without recognised symptoms. An association between low dietary intake and thiamine deficiency was suggested, though further large-scale studies are needed to confirm risk factors and guide management strategies.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{yoshioka2026thiamine,
  title = {{Thiamine deficiency in outpatients at a regional cancer centre in Japan: cross-sectional observational study}},
  author = {Akira Yoshioka and Mayumi Ishida and Nozomu Uchida and Hideki Onishi and Izumi Sato},
  journal = {BMJ Supportive \& Palliative Care},
  year = {2026},
  month = may,
  doi = {10.1136/spcare-2026-006243},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2026-006243},
  note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thiamine deficiency in outpatients at a regional cancer centre in Japan: cross-sectional observational study
AU  - Akira Yoshioka
AU  - Mayumi Ishida
AU  - Nozomu Uchida
AU  - Hideki Onishi
AU  - Izumi Sato
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/11
JO  - BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care
DO  - 10.1136/spcare-2026-006243
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2026-006243
AB  - Objective: To examine the prevalence of thiamine deficiency and its potential risk factors in cancer outpatients.  Methods: A cross-sectional study of cancer outpatients aged ≥20 years at a regional hospital in Kyoto, Japan (January–February 2022). Thiamine deficiency was defined as ≤23 ng/mL by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for potential risk factors for thiamine deficiency.  Results: A total of 106 patients were included in this study (mean age 68.3 years, 61% female). Of the 106 patients, 27 (25.5%) had low thiamine levels despite the absence of recognised deficiency symptoms. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the adjusted OR was 4.05 (95% CI 0.88 to 18.60).  Conclusions: The prevalence of thiamine deficiency was 25.5% among cancer outpatients without recognised symptoms. An association between low dietary intake and thiamine deficiency was suggested, though further large-scale studies are needed to confirm risk factors and guide management strategies.
SN  - 2045-435X
SN  - 2045-4368
ER  -