Overview of high-density QCD studies with the CMS experiment at the LHC

@article{hayrapetyan2026overview,
  title = {{Overview of high-density QCD studies with the CMS experiment at the LHC}},
  author = {Aram Hayrapetyan and Armen Tumasyan and Wolfgang Adam and Janik Walter Andrejkovic and Thomas Bergauer and Suman Chatterjee and Konstantinos Damanakis and Marko Dragicevic and Priya Sajid Hussain and Manfred Jeitler and Natascha Krammer and Ang Li and Dietrich Liko and Ivan Mikulec and Jochen Schieck and Robert Schöfbeck and Dennis Schwarz and Mangesh Sonawane and Sebastian Templ and Wolfgang Waltenberger and Claudia-Elisabeth Wulz and Mohamed Rashad Darwish and Tahys Janssen and Pierre van Mechelen and Emil Sørensen Bols and Jorgen d'Hondt and Soumya Dansana and Alexandre de Moor and Martin Delcourt and Hesham El Faham and Steven Lowette and Inna Makarenko and Denise Müller and Stefaan Tavernier and Michael Tytgat and Gerrit Patrick van Onsem and Senne van Putte and David Vannerom and Barbara Clerbaux and Aloke Kumar Das and Gilles de Lentdecker and Hugues Evard and Laurent Favart and Paraskevas Gianneios and Dmytro Hohov and Johny Jaramillo and Ali Khalilzadeh and Fakhri Alam Khan and Kyeongpil Lee and Mostafa Mahdavikhorrami and Andrea Malara and Santiago Paredes and Laurent Thomas and Max Vanden Bemden and Catherine Vander Velde and Pascal Vanlaer and Maarten de Coen and Didar Dobur and Yanwen Hong and Joscha Knolle},
  journal = {Physics Reports},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1016/j.physrep.2024.11.007},
  eprint = {2405.10785},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-04590410v1},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Overview of high-density QCD studies with the CMS experiment at the LHC
AU  - Aram Hayrapetyan
AU  - Armen Tumasyan
AU  - Wolfgang Adam
AU  - Janik Walter Andrejkovic
AU  - Thomas Bergauer
AU  - Suman Chatterjee
AU  - Konstantinos Damanakis
AU  - Marko Dragicevic
AU  - Priya Sajid Hussain
AU  - Manfred Jeitler
AU  - Natascha Krammer
AU  - Ang Li
AU  - Dietrich Liko
AU  - Ivan Mikulec
AU  - Jochen Schieck
AU  - Robert Schöfbeck
AU  - Dennis Schwarz
AU  - Mangesh Sonawane
AU  - Sebastian Templ
AU  - Wolfgang Waltenberger
AU  - Claudia-Elisabeth Wulz
AU  - Mohamed Rashad Darwish
AU  - Tahys Janssen
AU  - Pierre van Mechelen
AU  - Emil Sørensen Bols
AU  - Jorgen d'Hondt
AU  - Soumya Dansana
AU  - Alexandre de Moor
AU  - Martin Delcourt
AU  - Hesham El Faham
AU  - Steven Lowette
AU  - Inna Makarenko
AU  - Denise Müller
AU  - Stefaan Tavernier
AU  - Michael Tytgat
AU  - Gerrit Patrick van Onsem
AU  - Senne van Putte
AU  - David Vannerom
AU  - Barbara Clerbaux
AU  - Aloke Kumar Das
AU  - Gilles de Lentdecker
AU  - Hugues Evard
AU  - Laurent Favart
AU  - Paraskevas Gianneios
AU  - Dmytro Hohov
AU  - Johny Jaramillo
AU  - Ali Khalilzadeh
AU  - Fakhri Alam Khan
AU  - Kyeongpil Lee
AU  - Mostafa Mahdavikhorrami
AU  - Andrea Malara
AU  - Santiago Paredes
AU  - Laurent Thomas
AU  - Max Vanden Bemden
AU  - Catherine Vander Velde
AU  - Pascal Vanlaer
AU  - Maarten de Coen
AU  - Didar Dobur
AU  - Yanwen Hong
AU  - Joscha Knolle
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/02
JO  - Physics Reports
DO  - 10.1016/j.physrep.2024.11.007
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-04590410v1
AB  - The heavy ion (HI) physics program has proven to be an essential part of the overall physics program at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Its main purpose has been to provide a detailed characterization of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a deconfined state of quarks and gluons created in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. From the start of the LHC HI program with lead-lead collisions, the CMS Collaboration has performed measurements using additional data sets in different center-of-mass energies with xenon-xenon, proton-lead, and proton-proton collisions. A broad collection of observables related to high-density quantum chromodynamics (QCD), precision quantum electrodynamics (QED), and even novel searches of phenomena beyond the standard model (BSM) have been studied. Major advances toward understanding the macroscopic and microscopic QGP properties were achieved at the highest temperature reached in the laboratory and for vanishingly small values of the baryon chemical potential. This article summarizes key QCD, QED, as well as BSM physics, results of the CMS HI program for the LHC Runs 1 (2010-2013) and 2 (2015-2018). It reviews findings on the partonic content of nuclei and properties of the QGP and describes the surprising QGP-like effects in collision systems smaller than lead-lead or xenon-xenon. In addition, it outlines the scientific case of using ultrarelativistic HI collisions in the coming decades to characterize the QGP with unparalleled precision and to probe novel fundamental physics phenomena.
SN  - 0370-1573
SN  - 1873-6270
ER  -