Phase Switchable Photocatalytic Water Splitting via a Paraelectric-Ferroelectric Transition in Zr2Ge2S6 Monolayer: A Comprehensive Theoretical Insights
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting (PWS) is a promising technology for addressing the global energy crisis and producing renewable and clean hydrogen fuel. Although numerous 2D materials have recently been proposed as potential photocatalysts, effective strategies for regulating photocatalytic reactions and improving energy conversion efficiency remain limited due to performance regulation challenges. Here, using first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that the photocatalytic activity and energy conversion efficiency of a Zr2Ge2S6 monolayer can be effectively tuned through a paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition. The Zr2Ge2S6 monolayer exhibits excellent structural stability, favorable mechanical properties, a suitable band gap, optimal band edge positions, and broad-spectrum light absorption. Moreover, the Zr2Ge2S6 monolayer exhibits a higher oxidation potential and a stronger driving force for photogenerated holes to promote oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the ferroelectric phase. In contrast, the paraelectric phase provides photogenerated electrons with a greater reduction potential and driving force for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency is also strongly influenced by the phase transition, increasing from 7.71% in the paraelectric phase to 15.31% in the ferroelectric phase because of the improved carrier utilization. Our theoretical investigation not only highlights the crucial role of ferroelectric polarization in photocatalytic water splitting but also provides an effective strategy for tuning the photocatalytic properties of 2D ferroelectric materials through ferroelectric switching.
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BibTeX
@misc{abir2026phase,
title = {{Phase Switchable Photocatalytic Water Splitting via a Paraelectric-Ferroelectric Transition in Zr2Ge2S6 Monolayer: A Comprehensive Theoretical Insights}},
author = {Jubair Hossan Abir and Tauhidur Rahman and Md. Tanvir Khan and S. S. B. Pallab and Raihana Shams Islam and Saleh Hasan Naqib},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.00724},
eprint = {2609.00724},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00724},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Phase Switchable Photocatalytic Water Splitting via a Paraelectric-Ferroelectric Transition in Zr2Ge2S6 Monolayer: A Comprehensive Theoretical Insights
AU - Jubair Hossan Abir
AU - Tauhidur Rahman
AU - Md. Tanvir Khan
AU - S. S. B. Pallab
AU - Raihana Shams Islam
AU - Saleh Hasan Naqib
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/01
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.00724
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00724
AB - Photocatalytic water splitting (PWS) is a promising technology for addressing the global energy crisis and producing renewable and clean hydrogen fuel. Although numerous 2D materials have recently been proposed as potential photocatalysts, effective strategies for regulating photocatalytic reactions and improving energy conversion efficiency remain limited due to performance regulation challenges. Here, using first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that the photocatalytic activity and energy conversion efficiency of a Zr2Ge2S6 monolayer can be effectively tuned through a paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition. The Zr2Ge2S6 monolayer exhibits excellent structural stability, favorable mechanical properties, a suitable band gap, optimal band edge positions, and broad-spectrum light absorption. Moreover, the Zr2Ge2S6 monolayer exhibits a higher oxidation potential and a stronger driving force for photogenerated holes to promote oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the ferroelectric phase. In contrast, the paraelectric phase provides photogenerated electrons with a greater reduction potential and driving force for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency is also strongly influenced by the phase transition, increasing from 7.71% in the paraelectric phase to 15.31% in the ferroelectric phase because of the improved carrier utilization. Our theoretical investigation not only highlights the crucial role of ferroelectric polarization in photocatalytic water splitting but also provides an effective strategy for tuning the photocatalytic properties of 2D ferroelectric materials through ferroelectric switching.
ER -