Revisiting predictions for cosmic-ray antinucleon fluxes from Galactic Dark Matter
Abstract
The data on cosmic antiprotons have reached an outstanding precision on energies spanning from GeV to hundreds of TeV, thanks to the space-based AMS-02 experiment. The balloon-borne GAPS experiment, which just completed its first Antarctic flight, will address antiproton and antideuteron fluxes well below GeV energies. Antinuclei in cosmic rays, as well as being produced by spallation reactions between cosmic-ray nuclei and the atoms of the interstellar medium, may hide contributions from exotic sources, such as particle dark matter annihilation in the Galaxy. In this paper, we present predictions for cosmic antiproton, antideuteron and antihelium fluxes both from secondary and dark matter origin. We use state-of-the-art production spectra, nuclear coalescence for antinuclei, and Galactic propagation models to derive upper limits on the dark matter annihilation cross-section from AMS-02 antiproton data in different propagation scenarios (BIG and QUAINT). We quantify the impact of future GAPS data, showing that its sensitivity to sub-GV antiprotons could improve the ⟨σv⟩ constraints by up to an order of magnitude for light DM (mχ ≲ 50 GeV). For heavier antinuclei, the detection perspective with existing and upcoming experiments are derived for those scenarios consistent with AMS-02 antiproton flux. The detectability of such signals strongly depends on the experiment, the propagation model, and the hadronization tuning. Our analysis underscores the complementarity of antinuclei channels for indirect DM searches and the critical role of low-energy windows in constraining light DM candidates.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{stefanuto2026revisiting,
title = {{Revisiting predictions for cosmic-ray antinucleon fluxes from Galactic Dark Matter}},
author = {Lorenzo Stefanuto and Mattia Di Mauro and Fiorenza Donato and Nicolao Fornengo and Jordan Koechler and David Maurin},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.08338},
eprint = {2605.08338},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.08338},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Revisiting predictions for cosmic-ray antinucleon fluxes from Galactic Dark Matter
AU - Lorenzo Stefanuto
AU - Mattia Di Mauro
AU - Fiorenza Donato
AU - Nicolao Fornengo
AU - Jordan Koechler
AU - David Maurin
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.08338
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.08338
AB - The data on cosmic antiprotons have reached an outstanding precision on energies spanning from GeV to hundreds of TeV, thanks to the space-based AMS-02 experiment. The balloon-borne GAPS experiment, which just completed its first Antarctic flight, will address antiproton and antideuteron fluxes well below GeV energies. Antinuclei in cosmic rays, as well as being produced by spallation reactions between cosmic-ray nuclei and the atoms of the interstellar medium, may hide contributions from exotic sources, such as particle dark matter annihilation in the Galaxy. In this paper, we present predictions for cosmic antiproton, antideuteron and antihelium fluxes both from secondary and dark matter origin. We use state-of-the-art production spectra, nuclear coalescence for antinuclei, and Galactic propagation models to derive upper limits on the dark matter annihilation cross-section from AMS-02 antiproton data in different propagation scenarios (BIG and QUAINT). We quantify the impact of future GAPS data, showing that its sensitivity to sub-GV antiprotons could improve the ⟨σv⟩ constraints by up to an order of magnitude for light DM (m_χ ≲ 50 GeV). For heavier antinuclei, the detection perspective with existing and upcoming experiments are derived for those scenarios consistent with AMS-02 antiproton flux. The detectability of such signals strongly depends on the experiment, the propagation model, and the hadronization tuning. Our analysis underscores the complementarity of antinuclei channels for indirect DM searches and the critical role of low-energy windows in constraining light DM candidates.
ER -