Differential language recovery in an English-Polish bilingual individual with severe aphasia: a four-year longitudinal case study.
- 1Department of Neurology and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this case study is to present factors influencing therapeutic decisions and patterns of language recovery in bilingual post-stroke aphasia, focusing on the impact of single-language therapy on both the treated and untreated language.Case description
A 68-year-old right-handed English-Polish bilingual male with severe post-stroke aphasia received long-term English-based language therapy and was evaluated at four time points over four years. Language abilities were assessed using the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) and the Aphasia Severity Rating Scale (ASRS). Both languages improved in specific functions (BDAE), but overall communicative effectiveness (ASRS) differed markedly. The patient regained basic conversational ability in English, whereas Polish remained nonfunctional, with pathological switching into English. The observed changes were analyzed with regard to the extent and possible limitations of cross-linguistic transfer.Comment
Recovery in bilingual aphasia may differ substantially between languages in specific linguistic functions and overall communicative effectiveness.
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BibTeX
@article{polanowska2026differential,
title = {{Differential language recovery in an English-Polish bilingual individual with severe aphasia: a four-year longitudinal case study.}},
author = {Katarzyna E Polanowska and Aleksandra J Zielińska-Michalak},
journal = {Postepy psychiatrii neurologii},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.5114/ppn.2026.164947},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898591},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Differential language recovery in an English-Polish bilingual individual with severe aphasia: a four-year longitudinal case study.
AU - Katarzyna E Polanowska
AU - Aleksandra J Zielińska-Michalak
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/22
JO - Postepy psychiatrii neurologii
DO - 10.5114/ppn.2026.164947
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898591
AB - Purpose The purpose of this case study is to present factors influencing therapeutic decisions and patterns of language recovery in bilingual post-stroke aphasia, focusing on the impact of single-language therapy on both the treated and untreated language.Case description A 68-year-old right-handed English-Polish bilingual male with severe post-stroke aphasia received long-term English-based language therapy and was evaluated at four time points over four years. Language abilities were assessed using the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) and the Aphasia Severity Rating Scale (ASRS). Both languages improved in specific functions (BDAE), but overall communicative effectiveness (ASRS) differed markedly. The patient regained basic conversational ability in English, whereas Polish remained nonfunctional, with pathological switching into English. The observed changes were analyzed with regard to the extent and possible limitations of cross-linguistic transfer.Comment Recovery in bilingual aphasia may differ substantially between languages in specific linguistic functions and overall communicative effectiveness.
SN - 1230-2813
SN - 2720-5371
ER -