The association of urinary xenoestrogens levels in pregnant women and their risk of missed miscarriage
6 affiliations
- 1Translational Medicine Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , , ,
- 2Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , , ,
- 3Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital , , ,
- 4Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , , ,
- 5China Exposomics Institute (CEI) Precision Medicine Co. Ltd , ,
- 6Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , , ,
Abstract
Introduction: Environmental exposure to hormone-like compounds that mimic endogenous estrogens is widespread. Xenoestrogens, a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, may interfere with endocrine function and adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. However, their association with missed miscarriage remains unclear. This study investigated the association between urinary xenoestrogen concentrations and the risk of missed miscarriage.
Methods: This case–control study included 75 women with missed miscarriage and 75 women with normal pregnancies in Nanjing, China. Urinary concentrations of xenoestrogens were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Associations between lifestyle factors and urinary xenoestrogen concentrations were assessed using Kendall’s tau-b correlation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for missed miscarriage per interquartile range (IQR) increase in log-transformed urinary xenoestrogen concentrations. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of urinary xenoestrogen concentrations.
Results: Urinary concentrations of five xenoestrogens were significantly higher in women with missed miscarriage than in controls. Bottled water consumption, cosmetic use, and beverage intake were positively correlated with the urinary concentrations of certain plasticizers. Higher urinary xenoestrogen concentrations were significantly associated with an increased risk of missed miscarriage. The areas under the curve ranged from 0.854 to 0.941, indicating good discriminatory performance.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that detection of xenoestrogen levels may provide preliminary evidence of a potential association between environmental endocrine-disrupting exposure and missed miscarriage.
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BibTeX
@article{xu2026association,
title = {{The association of urinary xenoestrogens levels in pregnant women and their risk of missed miscarriage}},
author = {Tao Xu and Yanlu Yu and Xing Peng and Liming Gou and Yuqi Wang and Lin Chen and Boqun Xu and Shuo Wang and Peng Zhao and Xuan Qu and Ning Shen and Jing Wu and Xiang Lu and Guiping Wan and Bin Xue},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2026.1858374},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13662069},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - The association of urinary xenoestrogens levels in pregnant women and their risk of missed miscarriage
AU - Tao Xu
AU - Yanlu Yu
AU - Xing Peng
AU - Liming Gou
AU - Yuqi Wang
AU - Lin Chen
AU - Boqun Xu
AU - Shuo Wang
AU - Peng Zhao
AU - Xuan Qu
AU - Ning Shen
AU - Jing Wu
AU - Xiang Lu
AU - Guiping Wan
AU - Bin Xue
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/30
JO - Frontiers in public health
DO - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1858374
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13662069
AB - Introduction: Environmental exposure to hormone-like compounds that mimic endogenous estrogens is widespread. Xenoestrogens, a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, may interfere with endocrine function and adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. However, their association with missed miscarriage remains unclear. This study investigated the association between urinary xenoestrogen concentrations and the risk of missed miscarriage. Methods: This case–control study included 75 women with missed miscarriage and 75 women with normal pregnancies in Nanjing, China. Urinary concentrations of xenoestrogens were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Associations between lifestyle factors and urinary xenoestrogen concentrations were assessed using Kendall’s tau-b correlation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for missed miscarriage per interquartile range (IQR) increase in log-transformed urinary xenoestrogen concentrations. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of urinary xenoestrogen concentrations. Results: Urinary concentrations of five xenoestrogens were significantly higher in women with missed miscarriage than in controls. Bottled water consumption, cosmetic use, and beverage intake were positively correlated with the urinary concentrations of certain plasticizers. Higher urinary xenoestrogen concentrations were significantly associated with an increased risk of missed miscarriage. The areas under the curve ranged from 0.854 to 0.941, indicating good discriminatory performance. Conclusion: These findings suggest that detection of xenoestrogen levels may provide preliminary evidence of a potential association between environmental endocrine-disrupting exposure and missed miscarriage.
SN - 2296-2565
ER -