Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Can Shed Light on Potential Biomarkers of Inflammation and Infection in Chicken Embryos as an Experimental Model.
- 1Graduate Program of Veterinary Science of Federal University of Uberlândia, Rua Ceará Bloco2D, Campus Umuarama─Bairro Umuarama, Uberlândia, MGCEP 38405-302, Brazil.
- 2Graduate Program of Genetics and Biochemistry of Federal University of Uberlândia Rua AcreBloco 2E, Campus Umuarama─Bairro Umuarama, Uberlândia, MGCEP 38400-902, Brazil.
- 3Laboratory of Ticks and Other Apterous Arthropods, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro21040-900, Brazil.
Abstract
Salmonella Pullorum (SP) infection has been proposed as an experimental model of inflammation in late-stage chicken embryos (CEs). We refined this model by inoculating 9.5 day embryos via allantois with a low SP dose and evaluating outcomes at 24 and 48 h postinfection. This approach aims to provide a framework for systematically exploring early molecular events triggered by infection and inflammation while using the CE as an ethically acceptable and biologically relevant model of systemic inflammation. Clinical parameters (mortality and weight), serum proteomics, and untargeted metabolomics were assessed. Proteomics was performed by LC-MS/MS, followed by PANTHER and KEGG functional enrichment; metabolomics was performed to assess serum alterations. Mortality increased at 48 h postinfection (30%), and surviving embryos showed a trend toward reduced weight. Proteomic profiling revealed an increase in overall protein concentrations in the infected group compared to the control, despite high zero inflation, with α-2-macroglobulin significantly upregulated at 48 h, indicating an endogenous immune response. For pathway-level enrichment, Bayesian analysis suggested subtle effects on proteome dynamics. Metabolomics identified time-dependent changes, including increased levels of α-tocopherol-related and phenylalanine-derived metabolites and decreased levels of oxidized fatty acid derivatives at 48 h. These findings support the CE model before 12 days as an ethically refined and sensitive system for studying acute inflammatory responses.
Related
- Integrated proteomics and machine learning for identifying candidate serum biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction-complicated cardiogenic shock: a prospective exploratory study
- Data processing in proteomics and metabolomics: liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based omics with divergent computational paradigms.
- Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Ganoderic Acid B for Insomnia Based on Metabolomics, Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation
- Identification of Novel Plasma Protein Biomarkers for Early Clinical Stage Colorectal Carcinoma by High-Throughput Proteomics
- Integrated Top-Down Proteomics for Comprehensive Proteome Analysis at the Proteoform Level.
BibTeX
@article{sommerfeld2026integrated,
title = {{Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Can Shed Light on Potential Biomarkers of Inflammation and Infection in Chicken Embryos as an Experimental Model.}},
author = {Simone Sommerfeld and Hebreia Oliveira Almeida Souza and Mario Machado Martins and Bianca Uliana Picolo and Isabelle Ezequiel Pedrosa and Bianca de Jesus E Silva and Anna Luiza Filsner Dias Strack and Danielle Silva Vieira and Lara Reis Gomes and Murilo Vieira da Silva and Victor Aguiar de Souza Penha and Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca},
journal = {Journal of proteome research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1021/acs.jproteome.6c00153},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42918107},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Can Shed Light on Potential Biomarkers of Inflammation and Infection in Chicken Embryos as an Experimental Model.
AU - Simone Sommerfeld
AU - Hebreia Oliveira Almeida Souza
AU - Mario Machado Martins
AU - Bianca Uliana Picolo
AU - Isabelle Ezequiel Pedrosa
AU - Bianca de Jesus E Silva
AU - Anna Luiza Filsner Dias Strack
AU - Danielle Silva Vieira
AU - Lara Reis Gomes
AU - Murilo Vieira da Silva
AU - Victor Aguiar de Souza Penha
AU - Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Journal of proteome research
DO - 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6c00153
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42918107
AB - Salmonella Pullorum (SP) infection has been proposed as an experimental model of inflammation in late-stage chicken embryos (CEs). We refined this model by inoculating 9.5 day embryos via allantois with a low SP dose and evaluating outcomes at 24 and 48 h postinfection. This approach aims to provide a framework for systematically exploring early molecular events triggered by infection and inflammation while using the CE as an ethically acceptable and biologically relevant model of systemic inflammation. Clinical parameters (mortality and weight), serum proteomics, and untargeted metabolomics were assessed. Proteomics was performed by LC-MS/MS, followed by PANTHER and KEGG functional enrichment; metabolomics was performed to assess serum alterations. Mortality increased at 48 h postinfection (30%), and surviving embryos showed a trend toward reduced weight. Proteomic profiling revealed an increase in overall protein concentrations in the infected group compared to the control, despite high zero inflation, with α-2-macroglobulin significantly upregulated at 48 h, indicating an endogenous immune response. For pathway-level enrichment, Bayesian analysis suggested subtle effects on proteome dynamics. Metabolomics identified time-dependent changes, including increased levels of α-tocopherol-related and phenylalanine-derived metabolites and decreased levels of oxidized fatty acid derivatives at 48 h. These findings support the CE model before 12 days as an ethically refined and sensitive system for studying acute inflammatory responses.
SN - 1535-3893
SN - 1535-3907
ER -