Postoperative inulin supplementation is associated with microbiota remodeling and improved colonic anastomotic healing in LPS-primed mice
6 affiliations
- 1Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University
- 2School of Medicine, Southeast University
- 3Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University
- 4Department of General Surgery, Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- 5National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University
- 6Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University
Abstract
Background: Anastomotic leakage is a major colorectal surgical complication that may be exacerbated by perioperative inflammatory stress. How transcriptomic profiles and tissue-adherent microbiota change under such stress, and whether postoperative inulin supplementation is associated with microbiota changes and improved healing after inflammatory priming, remain unclear.
Methods: Two independent animal experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 compared control (CON) and LPS-primed mice using scheduled, repeated-cross-sectional sampling for microbiota profiling on POD0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 and for RNA-seq on POD0, 1, 3, 5, and 7. Experiment 2 used the same murine colonic anastomosis model to evaluate postoperative exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) with or without inulin supplementation (dietary fiber, DF) in a 2 × 2 factorial design comprising CON, CON-DF, LPS, and LPS-DF groups. Healing was assessed by survival, recovery scores, anastomotic burst pressure, histology, immunostaining, and short-chain-fatty-acid quantification. Within Experiment 2, a dedicated n = 10/group survival/longitudinal cohort was followed through POD5, and a separate terminal cohort provided six surviving mice/group for POD5 assessments; five microscopy fields were averaged within each mouse.
Results: LPS priming impaired healing and induced niche-specific microbiota alterations with altered bacterial microspatial patterns at the suture line. DF supplementation was associated with improved recovery and anastomotic strength, reduced inflammatory infiltration, increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and altered inflammatory- and repair-associated immune markers. The planned LPS-DF versus LPS survival comparison in the POD5 four-group cohort was not significant after multiplicity correction. At POD5, DF was associated with lower Shannon diversity and an altered short-chain-fatty-acid profile, including higher acetate; the LPS × inulin interactions for these measures were not significant.
Conclusion: Brief postoperative inulin-supplemented EEN improved anastomotic healing following inflammatory priming, concurrent with microbiota remodeling and short-chain-fatty-acid differences, including higher acetate. These concurrent changes do not establish microbiota- or SCFA-mediated causality.
Related
- Gut virome remodeling after fecal microbiota transplantation is associated with virus-bacteria co-variation and metabolic response in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
- Exercise-Associated Gut Microbiota Remodeling and Cardiovascular Protection: Potential Mechanisms Involving Inflammatory Regulation
- Fucoidan attenuates metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in mice and is associated with gut microbiota remodeling and AMPK/PPARγ signaling
- An exploratory 12-week pilot study of gut microbiota and body-weight patterns during sodium nitrite exposure and Lactobacillus plantarum 299v supplementation in Wistar rats.
- Antipsychotic-Induced Remodeling of the Gut Microbiota: Drug-Specific Patterns and Molecular Links to Metabolic Adverse Effects.
BibTeX
@article{shen2026postoperative,
title = {{Postoperative inulin supplementation is associated with microbiota remodeling and improved colonic anastomotic healing in LPS-primed mice}},
author = {Yingye Shen and Junyan Zhao and He Gan and Lei Wu and Xinyao Hu and Jun Wang and Zezhou He and Feiyang Yao and Wenqiang Tao and Junqian Shang and Yong Chen and Chenyang Wang and Gefei Wang},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2026.1895439},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1895439/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Postoperative inulin supplementation is associated with microbiota remodeling and improved colonic anastomotic healing in LPS-primed mice
AU - Yingye Shen
AU - Junyan Zhao
AU - He Gan
AU - Lei Wu
AU - Xinyao Hu
AU - Jun Wang
AU - Zezhou He
AU - Feiyang Yao
AU - Wenqiang Tao
AU - Junqian Shang
AU - Yong Chen
AU - Chenyang Wang
AU - Gefei Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/21
JO - Frontiers in Microbiology
DO - 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1895439
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1895439/full
AB - Background: Anastomotic leakage is a major colorectal surgical complication that may be exacerbated by perioperative inflammatory stress. How transcriptomic profiles and tissue-adherent microbiota change under such stress, and whether postoperative inulin supplementation is associated with microbiota changes and improved healing after inflammatory priming, remain unclear. Methods: Two independent animal experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 compared control (CON) and LPS-primed mice using scheduled, repeated-cross-sectional sampling for microbiota profiling on POD0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 and for RNA-seq on POD0, 1, 3, 5, and 7. Experiment 2 used the same murine colonic anastomosis model to evaluate postoperative exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) with or without inulin supplementation (dietary fiber, DF) in a 2 × 2 factorial design comprising CON, CON-DF, LPS, and LPS-DF groups. Healing was assessed by survival, recovery scores, anastomotic burst pressure, histology, immunostaining, and short-chain-fatty-acid quantification. Within Experiment 2, a dedicated n = 10/group survival/longitudinal cohort was followed through POD5, and a separate terminal cohort provided six surviving mice/group for POD5 assessments; five microscopy fields were averaged within each mouse. Results: LPS priming impaired healing and induced niche-specific microbiota alterations with altered bacterial microspatial patterns at the suture line. DF supplementation was associated with improved recovery and anastomotic strength, reduced inflammatory infiltration, increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and altered inflammatory- and repair-associated immune markers. The planned LPS-DF versus LPS survival comparison in the POD5 four-group cohort was not significant after multiplicity correction. At POD5, DF was associated with lower Shannon diversity and an altered short-chain-fatty-acid profile, including higher acetate; the LPS × inulin interactions for these measures were not significant. Conclusion: Brief postoperative inulin-supplemented EEN improved anastomotic healing following inflammatory priming, concurrent with microbiota remodeling and short-chain-fatty-acid differences, including higher acetate. These concurrent changes do not establish microbiota- or SCFA-mediated causality.
SN - 1664-302X
ER -