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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Public Health

Socio-ecological risk factors associated with different health-risk behaviors among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study

  • Xian Wang1
  • Wanting Chao1
  • Xili Jiang1
  • Xiaomin Lou1
  • Rui Ma2
  1. 1College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
  2. 2School of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Zhengzhou University
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Abstract

Objective: To explore the association between the level of socio-ecological risk factors and adolescent health risk behaviors, and to provide theoretical basis for reducing the occurrence of adolescent risk behaviors and improving adolescent behavioral problems.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Zhengzhou City and 3377 participants were enrolled. Perceived socio-ecological risk was measured using a validated 50-item questionnaire. Grounded in ecological systems theory, investigating the risk factors associated with adolescent health risk behaviors across individual, family, school, community, policy, cultural and chronosystem level. Health risk behavior outcomes including diet, physical activity, sleep duration and screen time on weekdays and weekends, drinking and smoking behaviors and then divided into healthy and unhealthy groups. Independent t-test, ANOVA and chi-square test were applied for descriptive group comparisons. Binary logistic regression was performed to estimate associations between multi-level perceived socio-ecological risk and health risk behaviors. Demographic covariates covered gender, only-child status, residential areas, learning period, parental education, family economic status, number of friends and study burden.

Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, compared with participants in the low-risk group for total socio-ecological risk, participants in the high-risk group showed positive association between irregular diet ( OR : 4.021, 95% CI : 3.145–5.141), lack of physical exercise ( OR : 1.779, 95% CI : 1.400–2.262), short sleep time (weekday: OR : 1.475, 95% CI : 1.059–2.056, weekend: OR : 1.287, 95% CI : 1.048–1.580), long screen time (weekday: OR : 1.399, 95% CI : 1.090–1.797, weekend: OR : 2.086, 95% CI : 1.678–2.592), smoking ( OR : 3.964, 95% CI : 2.894–5.428) and drinking ( OR : 3.662, 95% CI : 2.321–5.778) and high social-ecological risk. The higher the risk of social-ecological risk, the higher the risk of developing health risk behaviors.

Conclusion: The results supported the importance of investigating health risk behaviors in adolescents and the health risk behaviors were associated with socio-ecological risk

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{wang2026socioecological,
  title = {{Socio-ecological risk factors associated with different health-risk behaviors among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study}},
  author = {Xian Wang and Wanting Chao and Xili Jiang and Xiaomin Lou and Rui Ma},
  journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2026.1735957},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1735957/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Socio-ecological risk factors associated with different health-risk behaviors among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study
AU  - Xian Wang
AU  - Wanting Chao
AU  - Xili Jiang
AU  - Xiaomin Lou
AU  - Rui Ma
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/27
JO  - Frontiers in Public Health
DO  - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1735957
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1735957/full
AB  - Objective: To explore the association between the level of socio-ecological risk factors and adolescent health risk behaviors, and to provide theoretical basis for reducing the occurrence of adolescent risk behaviors and improving adolescent behavioral problems.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Zhengzhou City and 3377 participants were enrolled. Perceived socio-ecological risk was measured using a validated 50-item questionnaire. Grounded in ecological systems theory, investigating the risk factors associated with adolescent health risk behaviors across individual, family, school, community, policy, cultural and chronosystem level. Health risk behavior outcomes including diet, physical activity, sleep duration and screen time on weekdays and weekends, drinking and smoking behaviors and then divided into healthy and unhealthy groups. Independent t-test, ANOVA and chi-square test were applied for descriptive group comparisons. Binary logistic regression was performed to estimate associations between multi-level perceived socio-ecological risk and health risk behaviors. Demographic covariates covered gender, only-child status, residential areas, learning period, parental education, family economic status, number of friends and study burden.  Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, compared with participants in the low-risk group for total socio-ecological risk, participants in the high-risk group showed positive association between irregular diet ( OR : 4.021, 95% CI : 3.145–5.141), lack of physical exercise ( OR : 1.779, 95% CI : 1.400–2.262), short sleep time (weekday: OR : 1.475, 95% CI : 1.059–2.056, weekend: OR : 1.287, 95% CI : 1.048–1.580), long screen time (weekday: OR : 1.399, 95% CI : 1.090–1.797, weekend: OR : 2.086, 95% CI : 1.678–2.592), smoking ( OR : 3.964, 95% CI : 2.894–5.428) and drinking ( OR : 3.662, 95% CI : 2.321–5.778) and high social-ecological risk. The higher the risk of social-ecological risk, the higher the risk of developing health risk behaviors.  Conclusion: The results supported the importance of investigating health risk behaviors in adolescents and the health risk behaviors were associated with socio-ecological risk
SN  - 2296-2565
ER  -