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Peer-reviewedCC BYFrontiers in pharmacology

The postantibiotic effect-like effect of photothermal agents: evidence from IR780 nanoparticles and indocyanine green

  • Tiantian Xu1
  • Zhihao Wang2
  • Xiaolan Li2
  1. 1Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University , , ,
  2. 2School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University , , ,
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Abstract

Introduction: Postantibiotic effect (PAE) refers to the temporary suppression of bacterial growth after transient antimicrobial treatment. In recent years, due to the spread of antibiotic resistance, photothermal agents (PTAs) have been broadly studied for infection treatments. However, the PAE-like effect of PTAs has not been investigated.

Methods: This study focuses on the PAE-like effect of representative PTAs, namely IR780 nanoparticles (NPs) and indocyanine green (ICG), against MRSA and a CRE isolate. The effects of PTA type, bacterial species, PTA concentration, and near-infrared irradiation duration on the PAE-like effect were systematically evaluated.

Results: Results showed that the PAE-like effect of these PTAs against MRSA and a CRE isolate was evident. Further experiments showed that the PAE-like effect was affected by PTA type, bacterial species, PTA concentration, and near-infrared irradiation duration. Furthermore, the PAE-like effect of IR780 NPs was enhanced by 34.6% when a targeting group was conjugated to its nanostructure.

Discussion: The mechanism of the PAE-like effect of PTAs against MRSA is suggested to be related to thermally induced damage. Overall, this work provides the first evidence of a PAE-like effect in PTAs against MRSA, which may provide a preliminary basis for future optimization of photothermal therapy regimens against resistant infections.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{xu2026postantibiotic,
  title = {{The postantibiotic effect-like effect of photothermal agents: evidence from IR780 nanoparticles and indocyanine green}},
  author = {Tiantian Xu and Zhihao Wang and Xiaolan Li},
  journal = {Frontiers in pharmacology},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.3389/fphar.2026.1939215},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661360},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - The postantibiotic effect-like effect of photothermal agents: evidence from IR780 nanoparticles and indocyanine green
AU  - Tiantian Xu
AU  - Zhihao Wang
AU  - Xiaolan Li
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/30
JO  - Frontiers in pharmacology
DO  - 10.3389/fphar.2026.1939215
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661360
AB  - Introduction: Postantibiotic effect (PAE) refers to the temporary suppression of bacterial growth after transient antimicrobial treatment. In recent years, due to the spread of antibiotic resistance, photothermal agents (PTAs) have been broadly studied for infection treatments. However, the PAE-like effect of PTAs has not been investigated.  Methods: This study focuses on the PAE-like effect of representative PTAs, namely IR780 nanoparticles (NPs) and indocyanine green (ICG), against MRSA and a CRE isolate. The effects of PTA type, bacterial species, PTA concentration, and near-infrared irradiation duration on the PAE-like effect were systematically evaluated.  Results: Results showed that the PAE-like effect of these PTAs against MRSA and a CRE isolate was evident. Further experiments showed that the PAE-like effect was affected by PTA type, bacterial species, PTA concentration, and near-infrared irradiation duration. Furthermore, the PAE-like effect of IR780 NPs was enhanced by 34.6% when a targeting group was conjugated to its nanostructure.  Discussion: The mechanism of the PAE-like effect of PTAs against MRSA is suggested to be related to thermally induced damage. Overall, this work provides the first evidence of a PAE-like effect in PTAs against MRSA, which may provide a preliminary basis for future optimization of photothermal therapy regimens against resistant infections.
SN  - 1663-9812
ER  -