Competition between tension and bending waves in a pre-stretched soft beam : experimental validation
Abstract
Competition between tension and bending waves in a pre-stretched soft beam Pre-stretched one-dimensional soft beams serve as an important and simplified model in mechanics, biomechanics, and soft material characterization. The propagation characteristics of transverse waves excited on such beams are commonly used to characterize elastic stiffness and tensile state. However, conventional pure beam or string models cannot fully explain the phase velocity dispersion of transverse waves in pre-stretched beams, particularly when the dispersion coexists with an increase in wave speed as tension increases. This frequency-dependent transition between tension-dominated and bending-dominated behavior has not yet been directly validated using measured dispersion curves in one-dimensional soft beams. Here, we use optical elastography, a high spatiotemporal resolution technique, to track transverse wave propagation in a soft incompressible cylinder under different tension levels and obtain the corresponding phase velocity dispersion curves. Through modelbased inversion of the experimental dispersion curves, we demonstrate that a coupled Timoshenko-beam/string model successfully captures both the string-dominated and bending-dominated regimes observed experimentally. This result indicates that transverse wave propagation in pre-tensioned beams should be understood as a frequencydependent competition between tension and bending effects.
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BibTeX
@misc{zhu2026competition,
title = {{Competition between tension and bending waves in a pre-stretched soft beam : experimental validation}},
author = {Jiayuan Zhu and Jorge Torres and Sibylle Grégoire and François Legrand and Frédéric Turquier and Rohit Madke and Vít Nováček and Stefan Catheline and Bruno Giammarinaro},
howpublished = {HAL},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.05414},
eprint = {2611.05414},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05830077v1},
note = {CC BY-NC-SA 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Competition between tension and bending waves in a pre-stretched soft beam : experimental validation
AU - Jiayuan Zhu
AU - Jorge Torres
AU - Sibylle Grégoire
AU - François Legrand
AU - Frédéric Turquier
AU - Rohit Madke
AU - Vít Nováček
AU - Stefan Catheline
AU - Bruno Giammarinaro
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/23
PB - HAL
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.05414
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05830077v1
AB - Competition between tension and bending waves in a pre-stretched soft beam Pre-stretched one-dimensional soft beams serve as an important and simplified model in mechanics, biomechanics, and soft material characterization. The propagation characteristics of transverse waves excited on such beams are commonly used to characterize elastic stiffness and tensile state. However, conventional pure beam or string models cannot fully explain the phase velocity dispersion of transverse waves in pre-stretched beams, particularly when the dispersion coexists with an increase in wave speed as tension increases. This frequency-dependent transition between tension-dominated and bending-dominated behavior has not yet been directly validated using measured dispersion curves in one-dimensional soft beams. Here, we use optical elastography, a high spatiotemporal resolution technique, to track transverse wave propagation in a soft incompressible cylinder under different tension levels and obtain the corresponding phase velocity dispersion curves. Through modelbased inversion of the experimental dispersion curves, we demonstrate that a coupled Timoshenko-beam/string model successfully captures both the string-dominated and bending-dominated regimes observed experimentally. This result indicates that transverse wave propagation in pre-tensioned beams should be understood as a frequencydependent competition between tension and bending effects.
ER -