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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Oncology

Psychological flourishing among young and middle-aged postoperative lung cancer patients: a latent profile analysis

  • Xiuxiu Wang1
  • Yaxuan Gui2
  • Yingying Sang3
  • Tuo Zheng1
  • Huihui Fan1
  • Dan Su2,4
  • Baoming Wang1
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Chest Hospital
  2. 2School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University
  3. 3Nursing Department, Anhui Chest Hospital
  4. 4The Taikang Health and Wellness Industry Research Institute, Anhui Medical University
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Abstract

Background: Young and middle-aged patients after lung cancer surgery often bear multiple psychological pressures caused by illness and daily life. As a vital positive psychological resource, flourishing may help improve their postoperative psychological adaptation. This study aimed to identify the latent profiles of flourishing among young and middle-aged patients after lung cancer surgery, examine the characteristics of each profile and explore factors associated with these profiles.

Methods: Between August 2025 and June 2026, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 404 young and middle-aged postoperative lung cancer patients from a tertiary specialized hospital in Anhui Province. Data were collected using general demographic questionnaire, Flourishing Scale (FS), Herth Hope Index (HHI), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Latent profile analysis was employed to identify distinct flourishing profiles, and multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with profile membership.

Results: The four-class model demonstrated optimal fit (entropy=0.806, LMR p = 0.022, BLRT p < 0.001). Four distinct latent flourishing profiles were identified: Moderate optimistic flourishing subtype (22.03%), Moderate interpersonal flourishing subtype (27.97%), Low flourishing subtype (28.22%), and High flourishing subtype (21.78%). Compared with the low flourishing profile, higher emotional response scores were associated with the moderate interpersonal profile ( OR = 1.273, 95% CI = 1.094~1.480). Higher social support and emotional response scores were associated with the high flourishing profile ( OR = 1.126, 95% CI = 1.017~1.248; OR = 1.221, 95% CI = 1.038~1.437). No variables were associated with the moderate optimistic profile.

Conclusion: This study identified four latent profiles of flourishing among young and middle-aged postoperative lung cancer patients, demonstrating substantial heterogeneity in positive psychological adaptation toward postoperative disease stress. Illness-related emotional responses and social support show distinct associations with profile membership. Medical institutions should deliver stratified and refined psychological management according to each patient’s specific characteristics. Future longitudinal studies may explore the dynamic trajectories of these profiles.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{wang2026psychological,
  title = {{Psychological flourishing among young and middle-aged postoperative lung cancer patients: a latent profile analysis}},
  author = {Xiuxiu Wang and Yaxuan Gui and Yingying Sang and Tuo Zheng and Huihui Fan and Dan Su and Baoming Wang},
  journal = {Frontiers in Oncology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fonc.2026.1973408},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1973408/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological flourishing among young and middle-aged postoperative lung cancer patients: a latent profile analysis
AU  - Xiuxiu Wang
AU  - Yaxuan Gui
AU  - Yingying Sang
AU  - Tuo Zheng
AU  - Huihui Fan
AU  - Dan Su
AU  - Baoming Wang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/16
JO  - Frontiers in Oncology
DO  - 10.3389/fonc.2026.1973408
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1973408/full
AB  - Background: Young and middle-aged patients after lung cancer surgery often bear multiple psychological pressures caused by illness and daily life. As a vital positive psychological resource, flourishing may help improve their postoperative psychological adaptation. This study aimed to identify the latent profiles of flourishing among young and middle-aged patients after lung cancer surgery, examine the characteristics of each profile and explore factors associated with these profiles.  Methods: Between August 2025 and June 2026, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 404 young and middle-aged postoperative lung cancer patients from a tertiary specialized hospital in Anhui Province. Data were collected using general demographic questionnaire, Flourishing Scale (FS), Herth Hope Index (HHI), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Latent profile analysis was employed to identify distinct flourishing profiles, and multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with profile membership.  Results: The four-class model demonstrated optimal fit (entropy=0.806, LMR p = 0.022, BLRT p < 0.001). Four distinct latent flourishing profiles were identified: Moderate optimistic flourishing subtype (22.03%), Moderate interpersonal flourishing subtype (27.97%), Low flourishing subtype (28.22%), and High flourishing subtype (21.78%). Compared with the low flourishing profile, higher emotional response scores were associated with the moderate interpersonal profile ( OR = 1.273, 95% CI = 1.094~1.480). Higher social support and emotional response scores were associated with the high flourishing profile ( OR = 1.126, 95% CI = 1.017~1.248; OR = 1.221, 95% CI = 1.038~1.437). No variables were associated with the moderate optimistic profile.  Conclusion: This study identified four latent profiles of flourishing among young and middle-aged postoperative lung cancer patients, demonstrating substantial heterogeneity in positive psychological adaptation toward postoperative disease stress. Illness-related emotional responses and social support show distinct associations with profile membership. Medical institutions should deliver stratified and refined psychological management according to each patient’s specific characteristics. Future longitudinal studies may explore the dynamic trajectories of these profiles.
SN  - 2234-943X
ER  -