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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0International Journal of Hypertension

The Bidirectional Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid and Hypertension

  • Xiang Shu1
  • Kaiwen Deng1
  • Min Zhang2
  • Bo Li3
  • Dongqing Gu2
  • Wantai Dang4
  • Weizhong Chen1
  • Ziqian Zeng1
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Chengdu Medical College Chengdu China cmc.edu.cn
  2. 2Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China cqmu.edu.cn
  3. 3Clinical Pharmacy Department The 3RD Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College Chengdu Pidu District People’s Hospital Chengdu Sichuan China
  4. 4Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
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Abstract

Background: Hypertension (HTN) may influence other chronic diseases, and a bidirectional relationship between HTN and serum uric acid (SUA) has been suggested, but evidence is insufficient. Body mass index (BMI) is associated with both HTN and SUA levels and may mediate their causal relationship. This study investigates the bidirectional causal relationship between HTN and SUA levels and the mediating effects of BMI.

Methods: The two‐sample bidirectional and mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted. In the first part, we conducted the univariable and multivariable bidirectional MR analyses. In the second part, BMI was included in the MR analyses as a mediator. Summary data on HTN, SUA, and BMI were obtained from the FinnGen, GWAS Catalog, and IEU OpenGWAS database.

Results: The sample sizes of the European population included in analyses were 478,149 individuals for HTN, 343,836 for SUA, and 99,998 for BMI. In the European population, genetically predicted higher SUA was associated with increased HTN risk (OR = 1.215; 95% CI: 1.119 ∼ 1.320). HTN had an effect on SUA (OR = 1.018; 95% CI: 1.003 ∼ 1.033), in which the indirect effect via BMI showed an estimate of 0.006 (95% CI, 0.002 ∼ 0.010) with the mediated proportion of 27.3% (95% CI, 5.6% ∼ 48.9%).

Conclusion: A bidirectional relationship between SUA and HTN was identified in the European population, with BMI partially mediating the effect of HTN on SUA.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{shu2026bidirectional,
  title = {{The Bidirectional Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid and Hypertension}},
  author = {Xiang Shu and Kaiwen Deng and Min Zhang and Bo Li and Dongqing Gu and Wantai Dang and Weizhong Chen and Ziqian Zeng},
  journal = {International Journal of Hypertension},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1155/ijhy/3022250},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/3022250},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Bidirectional Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid and Hypertension
AU  - Xiang Shu
AU  - Kaiwen Deng
AU  - Min Zhang
AU  - Bo Li
AU  - Dongqing Gu
AU  - Wantai Dang
AU  - Weizhong Chen
AU  - Ziqian Zeng
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/04
JO  - International Journal of Hypertension
DO  - 10.1155/ijhy/3022250
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/3022250
AB  - Background: Hypertension (HTN) may influence other chronic diseases, and a bidirectional relationship between HTN and serum uric acid (SUA) has been suggested, but evidence is insufficient. Body mass index (BMI) is associated with both HTN and SUA levels and may mediate their causal relationship. This study investigates the bidirectional causal relationship between HTN and SUA levels and the mediating effects of BMI.  Methods: The two‐sample bidirectional and mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted. In the first part, we conducted the univariable and multivariable bidirectional MR analyses. In the second part, BMI was included in the MR analyses as a mediator. Summary data on HTN, SUA, and BMI were obtained from the FinnGen, GWAS Catalog, and IEU OpenGWAS database.  Results: The sample sizes of the European population included in analyses were 478,149 individuals for HTN, 343,836 for SUA, and 99,998 for BMI. In the European population, genetically predicted higher SUA was associated with increased HTN risk (OR = 1.215; 95% CI: 1.119 ∼ 1.320). HTN had an effect on SUA (OR = 1.018; 95% CI: 1.003 ∼ 1.033), in which the indirect effect via BMI showed an estimate of 0.006 (95% CI, 0.002 ∼ 0.010) with the mediated proportion of 27.3% (95% CI, 5.6% ∼ 48.9%).  Conclusion: A bidirectional relationship between SUA and HTN was identified in the European population, with BMI partially mediating the effect of HTN on SUA.
SN  - 2090-0384
SN  - 2090-0392
ER  -