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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Emergency Medicine International

A Study of Staff Experiences of Delivering Prehospital Emergency Services in India in the Context of the EMS Agenda 2050 Objectives

  • Vipul Vinzuda1,2
  • Niall Deloughry1
  • Linda Shore3
  • Leonard O’ Sullivan4
4 affiliations
  1. 1School of Architecture and Product Design University of Limerick Limerick Ireland ul.ie
  2. 2Transportation and Automobile Design National Institute of Design Gandhinagar India
  3. 3Interdisciplinary Research Emerging Technologies The Glasgow School of Art Glasgow UK
  4. 4School of Architecture and Product Design Health Research Institute Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre University of Limerick Limerick Ireland ul.ie
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Abstract

Background and Objective: Emergency care services are crucial to the delivery of modern healthcare. This study investigated prehospital staff experiences in delivering emergency care in a low‐ to middle‐income country (LMIC) India. The study was guided by the EMS Agenda 2050 principles for people‐centred and technology‐enabled health systems. The study was performed with emergency medical staff from the city of Gandhinagar, India, which is designated as a future smart city.

Method: This research used purposive and snowball sampling with 23 participants (ambulance drivers, emergency medical technicians, paramedics and first‐aiders) from government, non‐governmental and private organisations. Online semistructured interviews explored current prehospital care practices, challenges and opportunities. NVivo software was used for qualitative analysis, with a reflexive thematic analysis approach used to derive themes and present findings.

Results: The thematic analysis identified four primary themes with subthemes: (1) job satisfaction and challenges, (2) attitudes and emotions, (3) technological factors and (4) efficiency and caring. Findings highlight opportunities for technological interventions to enhance citizen awareness and training, support relatives during emergencies, provide bystanders with medically safe guidance and facilitate digitalisation in prehospital care.

Conclusions: This research advances understanding of the human and operational realities of prehospital care in a future smart‐city context. Healthcare professionals demonstrated expertise and empathy in managing complex emergencies while recognising the importance of their role in caring for critically ill and injured patients. Although digital technologies are increasingly integrated into practice, hands‐on skills and experiential judgement remain fundamental to effective care. The findings underscore the need for stakeholder collaboration, enhanced professional training and innovative citizen awareness initiatives to strengthen resilient prehospital care systems.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{vinzuda2026study,
  title = {{A Study of Staff Experiences of Delivering Prehospital Emergency Services in India in the Context of the EMS Agenda 2050 Objectives}},
  author = {Vipul Vinzuda and Niall Deloughry and Linda Shore and Leonard O’ Sullivan},
  journal = {Emergency Medicine International},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1155/emmi/4265123},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1155/emmi/4265123},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Study of Staff Experiences of Delivering Prehospital Emergency Services in India in the Context of the EMS Agenda 2050 Objectives
AU  - Vipul Vinzuda
AU  - Niall Deloughry
AU  - Linda Shore
AU  - Leonard O’ Sullivan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/30
JO  - Emergency Medicine International
DO  - 10.1155/emmi/4265123
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1155/emmi/4265123
AB  - Background and Objective: Emergency care services are crucial to the delivery of modern healthcare. This study investigated prehospital staff experiences in delivering emergency care in a low‐ to middle‐income country (LMIC) India. The study was guided by the EMS Agenda 2050 principles for people‐centred and technology‐enabled health systems. The study was performed with emergency medical staff from the city of Gandhinagar, India, which is designated as a future smart city.  Method: This research used purposive and snowball sampling with 23 participants (ambulance drivers, emergency medical technicians, paramedics and first‐aiders) from government, non‐governmental and private organisations. Online semistructured interviews explored current prehospital care practices, challenges and opportunities. NVivo software was used for qualitative analysis, with a reflexive thematic analysis approach used to derive themes and present findings.  Results: The thematic analysis identified four primary themes with subthemes: (1) job satisfaction and challenges, (2) attitudes and emotions, (3) technological factors and (4) efficiency and caring. Findings highlight opportunities for technological interventions to enhance citizen awareness and training, support relatives during emergencies, provide bystanders with medically safe guidance and facilitate digitalisation in prehospital care.  Conclusions: This research advances understanding of the human and operational realities of prehospital care in a future smart‐city context. Healthcare professionals demonstrated expertise and empathy in managing complex emergencies while recognising the importance of their role in caring for critically ill and injured patients. Although digital technologies are increasingly integrated into practice, hands‐on skills and experiential judgement remain fundamental to effective care. The findings underscore the need for stakeholder collaboration, enhanced professional training and innovative citizen awareness initiatives to strengthen resilient prehospital care systems.
SN  - 2090-2840
SN  - 2090-2859
ER  -