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Probing Operator Spreading with Local Quantum Fluctuations

  • Bertúlio de Lima Bernardo
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Abstract

Measuring out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) is experimentally challenging, often requiring effective reversal of many-body dynamics. Here, we propose an alternative approach to probing operator spreading through local quantum fluctuations, using only forward evolution and local measurements. Motivated by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, we introduce a differential local variance and establish a rigorous bound connecting it to operator noncommutativity. For a ferromagnetic Heisenberg chain in the single-magnon regime, we derive an exact relation between the local variance and a squared-commutator OTOC. In integrable and nonintegrable Ising chains, the differential variance and OTOCs reveal qualitatively consistent propagation fronts. Our results establish local quantum fluctuations as an experimentally accessible, state-dependent, and complementary diagnostic of operator spreading.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{bernardo2026probing,
  title = {{Probing Operator Spreading with Local Quantum Fluctuations}},
  author = {Bertúlio de Lima Bernardo},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.41140},
  eprint = {2610.41140},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41140},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Probing Operator Spreading with Local Quantum Fluctuations
AU  - Bertúlio de Lima Bernardo
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/30
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.41140
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41140
AB  - Measuring out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) is experimentally challenging, often requiring effective reversal of many-body dynamics. Here, we propose an alternative approach to probing operator spreading through local quantum fluctuations, using only forward evolution and local measurements. Motivated by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, we introduce a differential local variance and establish a rigorous bound connecting it to operator noncommutativity. For a ferromagnetic Heisenberg chain in the single-magnon regime, we derive an exact relation between the local variance and a squared-commutator OTOC. In integrable and nonintegrable Ising chains, the differential variance and OTOCs reveal qualitatively consistent propagation fronts. Our results establish local quantum fluctuations as an experimentally accessible, state-dependent, and complementary diagnostic of operator spreading.
ER  -